Systematic review and meta-analysis on the association between theory of mind and alcohol problems in non-clinical samples.
Systematic review and meta-analysis on the association between theory of mind and alcohol problems in non-clinical samples.
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DOI：
10.1111/acer.14943
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发表时间：
2022-11
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在酒精使用障碍（AUD）患者中发现的心理理论（ToM）缺陷通常被认为是长期重度饮酒造成的。然而，ToM缺陷和更严重的酒精问题之间的联系通常也存在于非临床样本中（例如，青少年和年轻人）可能没有与AUD患者相似的长期饮酒史。目前的研究是第一个系统地回顾和Meta分析研究结果的研究，这些研究检查了非临床样本中较低的ToM和更大的酒精问题之间的关联。这些非临床样本中可靠关联的证据将支持这样的观点，即心理理论的缺陷也可能先于AUD的出现。根据我们预先注册的国际系统性综述前瞻性注册中心（PROSPERO）方案（CRD 42021225392）并遵循系统性综述和Meta-分析的首选报告项（PRISMA）方法，检索PsycINFO、PubMed和Google Scholar。我们系统地回顾了识别文章中的样本特征和ToM测量。然后，我们使用随机效应模型对非临床样本中ToM与酒精问题之间的关联进行了Meta分析。几乎所有的研究都使用了一种心理理论来评估根据眼睛区域线索推断他人精神状态的能力。Meta分析结果表明，心理理论越低，酒精问题越多（r = −0.16，k = 6，CI = [−0.26，−0.04]，p < 0.01，Q = 15.55，I2 = 67.85），且研究间存在显著异质性。性别（CI = 0.0003，CI = [-0.006，0.007]，z = 0.09，p = 0.93），年龄（=-0.008，CI = [-0.03，0.01]，z =-0.82，p = 0.42）和研究质量（=-0.10，CI = [-0.35，0.15]，z =-0.82，p = 0.41）不能解释异质性。在非临床样本中，较低的ToM与更多的酒精问题相关，表明效应量较小。未来的纵向研究需要探讨社会认知缺陷是否也可能作为酒精滥用的风险因素。这项研究是第一个系统地回顾和Meta分析研究结果的研究，这些研究检查了非临床样本中心理理论（ToM）和酒精问题之间的关联。大多数研究使用心理理论来评估根据眼睛区域线索推断他人精神状态的能力。Meta分析结果表明，在非临床样本中，较低的ToM与更多的酒精问题可靠相关。
Deficits in theory of mind (ToM) found in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) are often thought to result from prolonged heavy alcohol use. However, links between deficits in ToM and greater alcohol problems are often also present in non‐clinical samples (e.g., adolescents and young adults) who may not have a similar long‐lasting history of alcohol consumption as individuals with AUD. The current study is the first to systematically review and meta‐analyze results from studies examining associations between lower ToM and greater alcohol problems in non‐clinical samples. Evidence of reliable associations in these non‐clinical samples would support the idea that deficits in ToM might also precede the emergence of AUD. PsycINFO, PubMed, and Google Scholar were searched according to our preregistered International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) protocol (CRD42021225392) and following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) methodology. We systematically reviewed sample characteristics and ToM measures in identified articles. We then meta‐analyzed the findings of association between ToM and alcohol problems in non‐clinical samples using random effects models. Nearly all studies used a measure of ToM that assessed the ability to infer the mental states of others based on eye region cues. Meta‐analytic results demonstrated that lower ToM was associated with more alcohol problems (r = −0.16, k = 6, CI = [−0.26, −0.04], p < 0.01, Q = 15.55, I 2 = 67.85), and there was significant heterogeneity across studies. Gender (ß = 0.0003, CI = [−0.006, 0.007], z = 0.09, p = 0.93), age (ß = −0.008, CI = [−0.03, 0.01], z = −0.82, p = 0.42), and study quality (ß = −0.10, CI = [−0.35, 0.15], z = −0.82, p = 0.41) did not explain the heterogeneity. In non‐clinical samples, lower ToM is associated with more alcohol problems, indicative of a small effect size. Future longitudinal studies are needed to explore whether socio‐cognitive deficits may also serve as a risk factor for alcohol misuse. This study is the first to systematically review and meta‐analyze results from studies examining associations between theory of mind (ToM) and alcohol problems in non‐clinical samples. Most studies used a measure of ToM that assessed the ability to infer the mental states of others based on eye region cues. Meta‐analytic results demonstrated that lower ToM was reliably associated with more alcohol problems in non‐clinical samples.
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