The impact of urban form on daily mobility demand and energy use: Evidence from the United States

The impact of urban form on daily mobility demand and energy use: Evidence from the United States
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城市形态对日常出行需求和能源使用的影响:来自美国的证据

DOI:
10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.120883
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
影响因子:
11.2
通讯作者:
Jain, Rishee K.
Jain, Rishee K.
中科院分区:
工程技术1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Miotti, Marco;Needell, Zachary A.;Jain, Rishee K.

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城市形态,特别是城市密度与出行需求之间的因果关系尚存争议。在这里,我们使用结构化回归方法研究这种关系,该方法应用于旅行模式和城市形态的大规模分层数据集。我们发现人口密度最大的城市居民的交通能源消耗比农村居民少80%,并探讨了影响这一关系的因果因素。我们发现,密度-能源使用关系的主要驱动因素是城市居民可获得的附近目的地数量较多,其次是道路网络属性和公共交通基础设施的差异。由于城市扩张,当10-100公里以外有更多的目的地时,城市住宅的能源效益就会减弱。虽然这些因果因素与密度相关,但即使在给定的密度范围内,城市形态也会对出行能源使用产生实质性影响。我们还表明,城市形态主要影响人们出行的方式和地点,而不是出行的频率和时间。这些结果概述了城市和社区在增加前往相关目的地的机会的同时减少旅行对环境影响的途径。
The causal relationship between urban form, in particular density, and travel demand is subject to debate. Here, we investigate this relationship using a structured regression approach applied to a large-scale layered dataset of travel patterns and urban form. We find that residents of the densest urban areas use 80% less energy for transportation than residents of rural areas and explore the causal factors influencing this relationship. We find that the primary driver of the density–energy use relationship is the larger number of nearby destinations available to urban dwellers, followed by differences in road network properties and public transit infrastructure. The energy benefits of urban dwelling are weakened when there are more destinations available 10–100 km away due to urban sprawl. While these causal factors are correlated with density, urban form can substantially affect travel energy use even within a given density bracket. We also show that urban form predominantly influences how and where people travel, rather than how often and how long. These results outline pathways for cities and communities to reduce the environmental impact of travel while increasing access to relevant destinations.
城市形态和汽油价格对车辆使用的影响:来自 2009 年全国家庭出行调查的证据
DOI: --
发表时间: 2015
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发表时间: 2014-07
影响因子: 10.5
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影响因子: 6.3
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通讯作者: Pearl, Judea