Social oral epidemi(olog)(2) y where next: one small step or one giant leap?
Social oral epidemi(olog)(2) y where next: one small step or one giant leap?
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DOI：
10.1111/cdoe.12118
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发表时间：
2014-12
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Gibson BG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baker SR;Gibson BG
自20世纪90年代初以来，社会流行病学的批判性反思一直存在激烈争论。然而，这场争论很少涉及到口腔流行病学。这并不比口腔健康不平等领域更引人注目。社会口腔流行病学的重大成就之一是对口腔疾病社会模式的持续记录。然而，社会口腔流行病学的失败之处在于无法通过描述来解释这些模式。思考事情如何以及以何种方式发生，不仅涉及口腔健康不平等，而且更广泛地考虑，需要一种更具创造性的方法，该方法与牙科以外的学术联系起来，包括批判流行病学家到社会科学领域的工作。本综述研究的目的是对更普遍的流行病学辩论的关键方面提供批判性评论，以便为社会口腔流行病学理论和方法提供信息和发展。第一部分“我们现在在哪里？”反映了六个关键争论：（i）方差分析与原因分析，（ii）独立效应的谬误，（iii）黑箱思维，（iv）理论和机制的理解，（v）风险的个体化和（vi）“社会”的含义。在第二部分“下一步去哪里？”中，我们借鉴了社会科学文献中的一些基本问题，以突出未来探究的可能渠道。我们始终的首要目标是促进关键参与，以增进对人口口腔健康的理解并产生相关知识。
Since the early 1990s, there has been heated debate critically reflecting on social epidemiology. Yet, very little of this debate has reached oral epidemiology. This is no more noticeable than in the field of oral health inequalities. One of the significant achievements of social oral epidemiology has been the persistent documentation of social patterning of oral disease. Nevertheless, where social oral epidemiology has fallen down is going beyond description to explaining these patterns. Thinking how and in what way things happen, not just in relation to oral health inequalities but also more broadly, requires a more creative approach which links to scholarship outside of dentistry, including the work from critical epidemiologists to that within the social sciences. The aim of this review study is to provide a critical commentary on key aspects of more general epidemiological debates in order to inform and develop social oral epidemiology theory and methodology. In the first section, ‘Where are we now?’, six key debates are reflected upon: (i) analysis of variance versus analysis of causes, (ii) the fallacy of independent effects, (iii) black box thinking, (iv) theory and the understanding of mechanisms, (v) individualization of risk and (vi) the meaning of ‘social’. In the second section, ‘Where to next?’ we draw on a number of fundamental issues from within the social science literature in order to highlight possible channels of future inquiry. Our overriding goal throughout is to facilitate a critical engagement in order to improve understanding and generate knowledge in relation to population oral health.
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