Costs and benefits linked to developments in cognitive control.
Costs and benefits linked to developments in cognitive control.
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DOI：
10.1111/desc.12113
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发表时间：
2014-03
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Munakata Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blackwell KA;Munakata Y
发展对一个人的思想，情绪和行动的认知控制是预测重要生活结果的基本过程。这种控制开始于婴儿期，并在发育过程中从主要的反应形式（例如在需要时检索任务相关信息）转变为越来越主动的形式（例如在预期需要时保留任务相关信息）。虽然这种发展通常被认为是适应性的，但认知能力也可能涉及权衡，例如发展越来越主动的控制的好处可能会带来相关的成本。在两个实验中，我们测试了正在过渡到主动控制的儿童的认知权衡。我们发现，主动控制预测儿童的工作记忆的预期收益，但也与预测成本不成比例地减缓儿童分心的条件下。这些发现突出了主动和被动控制的独特优势和劣势，并建议在发展过程中尝试改变其平衡时要谨慎。
Developing cognitive control over one’s thoughts, emotions, and actions is a fundamental process that predicts important life outcomes. Such control begins in infancy, and shifts during development from a predominantly reactive form (e.g. retrieving task-relevant information when needed) to an increasingly proactive form (e.g. maintaining task-relevant information in anticipation of needing it). While such developments are generally viewed as adaptive, cognitive abilities can also involve tradeoffs, such that the benefits of developing increasingly proactive control may come with associated costs. In two experiments, we test for such cognitive trade-offs in children who are transitioning to proactive control. We find that proactive control predicts expected benefits in children’s working memory, but is also associated with predicted costs in disproportionately slowing children under conditions of distraction. These findings highlight unique advantages and disadvantages of proactive and reactive control, and suggest caution in attempting to alter their balance during development.
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影响因子：
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