Phylogenetically and catabolically diverse diazotrophs reside in deep-sea cold seep sediments.

Phylogenetically and catabolically diverse diazotrophs reside in deep-sea cold seep sediments.
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深海冷泉沉积物中存在系统发育和分解代谢多样化的固氮菌

DOI:
10.1038/s41467-022-32503-w
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发表时间:
2022-08-19
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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--
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微生物介导的碳占主导地位的冷泉环境中的氮循环仍然知之甚少。厌氧甲烷氧化古菌(ANME-2)及其硫酸盐还原菌(SEEP-SRB1)分支已被鉴定为深海冷泉沉积物中的固氮菌。然而,目前还不清楚其他微生物群体是否可以在这样的生态系统中进行固氮。为了填补这一空白,我们分析了61个宏基因组,1428个宏基因组组装的基因组,以及来自11个全球分布的冷泉的6个元转录组。这些沉积物中含有固氮酶基因的多样性,对应的固氮谱系的多样性扩大。不同的分解代谢途径被预测为固氮提供ATP,这表明冷泉中的固氮作用不一定与甲烷的硫酸盐依赖性厌氧氧化有关。冷泉中不同固氮菌群间的固氮基因具有遗传移动的性,易受净化选择的影响。我们的研究结果将固氮菌的能力扩展到了五个候选门(Altarchaeia、Omnitrophota、FCPU 426、Caldatribacteriota和UBA 6262),并表明冷泉固氮菌可能对全球氮平衡做出重大贡献。微生物固氮在深海可能很重要。在这里,作者调查了深海冷泉沉积物中固氮生物的宏基因组和宏转录组,揭示了比迄今已知的更大的系统发育和功能多样性。
Microbially mediated nitrogen cycling in carbon-dominated cold seep environments remains poorly understood. So far anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME-2) and their sulfate-reducing bacterial partners (SEEP-SRB1 clade) have been identified as diazotrophs in deep sea cold seep sediments. However, it is unclear whether other microbial groups can perform nitrogen fixation in such ecosystems. To fill this gap, we analyzed 61 metagenomes, 1428 metagenome-assembled genomes, and six metatranscriptomes derived from 11 globally distributed cold seeps. These sediments contain phylogenetically diverse nitrogenase genes corresponding to an expanded diversity of diazotrophic lineages. Diverse catabolic pathways were predicted to provide ATP for nitrogen fixation, suggesting diazotrophy in cold seeps is not necessarily associated with sulfate-dependent anaerobic oxidation of methane. Nitrogen fixation genes among various diazotrophic groups in cold seeps were inferred to be genetically mobile and subject to purifying selection. Our findings extend the capacity for diazotrophy to five candidate phyla (Altarchaeia, Omnitrophota, FCPU426, Caldatribacteriota and UBA6262), and suggest that cold seep diazotrophs might contribute substantially to the global nitrogen balance. Microbial nitrogen fixation could be important in the deep sea. Here the authors investigate metagenomes and metatranscriptomes of diazotrophs from deep sea cold seep sediments, reveal greater phylogenetic and functional diversity than hitherto known.
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