How previous epidemics enable timelier COVID-19 responses: an empirical study using organisational memory theory.
How previous epidemics enable timelier COVID-19 responses: an empirical study using organisational memory theory.
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DOI：
10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003228
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发表时间：
2020-09
影响因子：
8.1
通讯作者：
Tsuei SH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tsuei SH
尽管早期的反应可能更有效，但对影响流行病反应及时性的因素几乎没有系统的探索。坊间流传的猜测是，以前接触过重大流行病有助于卫生系统更快地应对COVID-19。本研究利用组织记忆理论来测试是否有任何更严重或最近接触重大流行病的卫生系统制定了更及时的COVID-19政策应对措施。构建了一个数据集，对178个卫生系统的846项政策进行了编录，其中37个卫生系统在过去20年内发生了重大流行病。假设检验使用OLS回归与世界卫生组织区域固定效应，控制几个卫生系统支出和政治变量。结果表明，接触任何重大流行病都与在以下政策类别中及早作出反应有关：所有政策、监测/应对、保持距离和国际旅行政策。效果约为6-10天前的反应。随着另外两个自变量的加入，这个变量的重要性在很大程度上被抵消了。无论是总病例数还是自以往流行以来的年数都没有统计学意义。这项研究表明，卫生系统可以从过去的重大流行病中吸取教训。政策制定者应该将2019冠状病毒病的教训制度化。未来的研究可以检验具体的普遍教训，以及更及时的反应是否与较低的健康和经济影响相关。
There has been little systematic exploration into what affects timeliness of epidemic response, despite the potential for earlier responses to be more effective. Speculations have circulated that previous exposure to major epidemics helped health systems respond more quickly to COVID-19. This study leverages organisational memory theory to test whether health systems with any, more severe, or more recent exposure to major epidemics enacted timelier COVID-19 policy responses. A data set was constructed cataloguing 846 policies across 178 health systems in total, 37 of which had major epidemics within the last 20 years. Hypothesis testing used OLS regressions with World Health Organization region fixed effects, controlling for several health system expenditure and political variables. Results show that exposure to any major epidemics was associated with providing earlier response in the following policy categories: all policies, surveillance/response, distancing, and international travel policies. The effect was about 6–10 days earlier response. The significance of this variable was largely nullified with the addition of the other two independent variables. Neither total cases nor years since previous epidemics showed no statistical significance. This study suggests that health systems may learn from past major epidemics. Policymakers ought to institutionalise lessons from COVID-19. Future studies can examine specific generalisable lessons and whether timelier responses correlated with lower health and economic impacts.
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影响因子：
4.5
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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影响因子：
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