Decentralized Approaches to Adaptive Traffic Control

Decentralized Approaches to Adaptive Traffic Control
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自适应交通控制的分散方法

DOI:
10.1007/978-3-540-75261-5_8
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发表时间:
2007
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
D. Helbing
D. Helbing
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
A. Kesting;M. Schönhof;S. Lämmer;M. Treiber;D. Helbing

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交通拥挤是许多国家高速公路上的一个严重问题。根据欧盟委员会的一项研究[1],其影响相当于国民生产总值的0.5%,并将在2010年增加到1%。由于在大多数国家,建设新的运输基础设施已不再是一个适当的选择,因此有许多办法可以更有效地使用道路,并以更“智能”的方式增加道路网络的容量,从而减少拥堵。由于潜在的好处和预期的技术进步,在智能交通系统(ITS)领域有相当多的研究[2,3]。先进的交通控制系统的例子是,例如,匝道控制,自适应速度限制,或动态和个人路线指导。后一个例子是基于集中式交通管理,它控制系统的运行和对给定交通状况的响应。然而,交通系统是高度复杂的多组分系统,具有不稳定性和非线性动力学,包括混沌。这是由相互作用、延迟和波动的非线性引起的,这些非线性会触发诸如走走停停波、噪声引起的故障或慢即快效应等现象。最近即将到来的信息和通信技术(ICT),包括廉价的光学、雷达、视频或红外传感器和移动的通信技术,承诺从经典的集中控制到集体(群)智能和自组织网络意义上的分散方法的新解决方案。这些概念通过限制本地相关信息来减少数据泛滥的问题
Traffic congestion is a severe problem on freeways in many countries. According to a study of the European Commission [1], its impact amounts to 0.5% of the gross national product and will increase even up to 1% in the year 2010. Since in most countries, building new transport infrastructure is no longer an appropriate option, there are many approaches towards a more effective road usage and a more ‘intelligent’way of increasing the capacity of the road network and thus of decreasing congestion. Due to the potential benefits and the expected technological progress, there is considerable research in the area of intelligent transport systems (ITS)[2, 3]. Examples of advanced traffic control systems are, eg, ramp metering, adaptive speed limits, or dynamic and individual route guidance. The latter examples are based on a centralized traffic management, which controls the operation and the system’s response to a given traffic situation.However, traffic systems are highly complex multi-component systems suffering from instabilities and non-linear dynamics, including chaos. This is caused by the non-linearity of interactions, delays, and fluctuations, which can trigger phenomena such as stop-and-go waves, noise-induced breakdowns, or slower-is-faster effects. The recently upcoming information and communication technologies (ICT), including cheap optical, radar, video, or infrared sensors and mobile communication technologies promise new solutions leading from the classical, centralized control to decentralized approaches in the sense of collective (swarm) intelligence and ad hoc networks. Such concepts reduce the problem of data flooding by restricting to the locally relevant information
DOI: 10.1103/physreve.64.056132
发表时间: 2001-11-01
期刊: PHYSICAL REVIEW E
影响因子: 2.4
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DOI: --
发表时间: 2006
期刊:
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影响因子: 3.3
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DOI: --
发表时间: 2006
期刊:
影响因子: --
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