Twenty-year economic impacts of deworming.
Twenty-year economic impacts of deworming.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2023185118
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发表时间：
2021-04-06
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Baird S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hamory J;Miguel E;Walker M;Kremer M;Baird S
投资于儿童健康和营养可以改善个人未来的生活质量，这一信念是世界各地许多政策倡议的理由。然而，关于儿童健康水平的提高对成人生活水平的因果影响的证据仍然有限，特别是在发展中国家。这项研究通过为肯尼亚儿童提供驱虫治疗的随机健康干预，利用儿童健康中的差异，提供了解决主要方法论问题的证据。我们估计，在一组有代表性的参与者中，20年后对个人生活水平的影响，并发现驱虫治疗组的人在成人生活水平和收入方面有了显著的提高，居住和就业部门也发生了变化。估计儿童健康投资对成人生活水平的影响涉及多种方法挑战，包括缺乏健康状况的实验变化，无法跟踪个人随时间的变化，以及准确衡量低收入环境下的生活水平和生产力。这项研究利用了一种随机的学校卫生干预措施，为肯尼亚儿童提供驱虫治疗，并使用纵向数据来估计20年后对经济结果的影响。有效回访率为84%。接受额外两到三年儿童驱虫治疗的人的消费支出增加了14%，每小时收入增加了13%。居住和就业部门也发生了变化：治疗组个人生活在城市地区的可能性增加了9%，非农业工作时间增加了9%。大多数影响集中在男性和老年人身上。观察到的消费和收益收益，再加上驱虫剂规模化分发时的低成本，意味着对其年化社会内部回报率的保守估计为37%，以任何标准衡量都是高回报。
The belief that investing in child health and nutrition can generate improvements in individuals’ future quality of life is the rationale for many policy initiatives around the world. Yet there remains limited evidence on the causal impacts of child health gains on adult living standards, especially in developing countries. This study contributes evidence that addresses leading methodological concerns, by using variation in child health via a randomized health intervention that provided deworming treatment to Kenyan children. We estimate impacts on individual living standards up to 20 y later among a representative sample of participants, and find those in the deworming treatment group experience meaningful gains in adult living standards and earnings, and shifts in sectors of residence and employment. Estimating the impact of child health investments on adult living standards entails multiple methodological challenges, including the lack of experimental variation in health status, an inability to track individuals over time, and accurately measuring living standards and productivity in low-income settings. This study exploits a randomized school health intervention that provided deworming treatment to Kenyan children, and uses longitudinal data to estimate impacts on economic outcomes up to 20 y later. The effective respondent tracking rate was 84%. Individuals who received two to three additional years of childhood deworming experienced a 14% gain in consumption expenditures and 13% increase in hourly earnings. There are also shifts in sectors of residence and employment: treatment group individuals are 9% more likely to live in urban areas, and experience a 9% increase in nonagricultural work hours. Most effects are concentrated among males and older individuals. The observed consumption and earnings benefits, together with deworming’s low cost when distributed at scale, imply that a conservative estimate of its annualized social internal rate of return is 37%, a high return by any standard.
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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