Psychopathic heroin addicts are not uniformly impaired across neurocognitive domains of impulsivity.
Psychopathic heroin addicts are not uniformly impaired across neurocognitive domains of impulsivity.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.09.021
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发表时间：
2011-04-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Segala, Laura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vassileva, Jasmin;Georgiev, Stefan;Martin, Eileen;Gonzalez, Raul;Segala, Laura
冲动性是药物成瘾的标志性特征，也是外化障碍的突出特征，例如通常与药物成瘾共病的精神病。在之前的研究中，我们已经证明，精神病态的海洛因成瘾者在爱荷华州赌博任务中比非精神病态的海洛因成瘾者更容易冲动决策。本研究的目的是调查是否观察到的冲动控制缺陷的精神病海洛因成瘾者将推广到其他神经认知领域的冲动，如延迟折扣和行为抑制之间的一组相对“纯”海洛因成瘾者在保加利亚谁参加了我们以前的研究。我们测试了92名目前戒断的男性海洛因成瘾者，根据Hare精神病检查表修订版（PCL-R）分为精神病或非精神病。我们进行了两项冲动性神经认知任务：（1）延迟奖励折扣任务，衡量奖励的时间折扣;（2）被动回避学习任务，衡量行为抑制。精神病性海洛因成瘾者没有受损相对于非精神病性海洛因成瘾者的延迟奖励折扣任务和被动回避学习任务，后者，他们表现出更好的注意力。这些结果表明，精神病海洛因使用者的神经认知领域的冲动性并不均匀受损。结合我们以前的研究结果，这些结果表明，精神病的存在可能会加剧精神病海洛因成瘾者的决策缺陷，但它可能不会有显着影响其他神经认知领域的冲动在这个人群中。
Impulsivity is a hallmark characteristic of drug addiction and a prominent feature of externalizing disorders such as psychopathy that are commonly comorbid with drug addiction. In a previous study we have shown that psychopathic heroin addicts evidence more impulsive decision-making on the Iowa Gambling Task relative to non-psychopathic heroin addicts. The goal of the current study was to investigate whether the observed impulse-control deficits in psychopathic heroin addicts would generalize to other neurocognitive domains of impulsivity, such as delay discounting and behavioral inhibition among a group of relatively “pure” heroin addicts in Bulgaria who participated in our previous study. We tested 92 currently abstinent male heroin addicts, classified as psychopathic or non-psychopathic based on the Hare Psychopathy Checklist – Revised (PCL-R). We administered two neurocognitive tasks of impulsivity: (1) Delayed Rewards Discounting Task, a measure of temporal discounting of rewards; and (2) Passive Avoidance Learning Task, a measure of behavioral inhibition. Psychopathic heroin addicts were not impaired relative to non-psychopathic heroin addicts on the Delayed Rewards Discounting Task and the Passive Avoidance Learning Task, on the latter of which they showed better attentional capacity. These results indicate that psychopathic heroin users are not uniformly impaired across neurocognitive domains of impulsivity. Combined with our previous findings, these results suggest that the presence of psychopathy may exacerbate decision-making deficits in psychopathic heroin addicts, but it may not have significant effect on other neurocognitive domains of impulsivity in this population.
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影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Darke, S;Kaye, S;Finlay-Jones, R
通讯作者：
Finlay-Jones, R
影响因子：
25
作者：
Buckholtz, Joshua W.;Treadway, Michael T.;Cowan, Ronald L.;Woodward, Neil D.;Benning, Stephen D.;Li, Rui;Ansari, M. Sib;Baldwin, Ronald M.;Schwartzman, Ashley N.;Shelby, Evan S.;Smith, Clarence E.;Cole, David;Kessler, Robert M.;Zald, David H.
通讯作者：
Zald, David H.
影响因子：
10.5
作者：
Cooke, DJ;Michie, C;Clark, D
通讯作者：
Clark, D
影响因子：
6.9
作者：
Dolan, M;Park, I
通讯作者：
Park, I
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Blair, RJR;Mitchell, DGV;Newman, C
通讯作者：
Newman, C