Oil and gas wastewater as road treatment: radioactive material exposure implications at the residential lot and block scale
Oil and gas wastewater as road treatment: radioactive material exposure implications at the residential lot and block scale
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石油和天然气废水作为道路处理：住宅区和街区规模的放射性物质暴露影响
DOI：
10.1088/2515-7620/ac35be
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Stolz, John F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bain, Daniel J.;Cantlay, Tetiana;Garman, Brittany;Stolz, John F.
阿巴拉契亚盆地石油和天然气开采的复苏导致宾夕法尼亚州、西弗吉尼亚州和俄亥俄州的石油和天然气卤水过剩。在非常规开发的驱动下，这种扩张也影响了常规威尔斯井，因此产生了开发有效和廉价处置方案的经济压力。然而，使用盐水作为道路处理，直接或作为处理过的除冰剂，引起了人们对盐水中天然存在的放射性物质可能污染道路和路边区域的严重关切。目前的决策是基于风险暴露的情况下制定的监管机构的基础上娱乐用户在农村地区和暴露于司机在典型的通勤。这些方案不适合评估住宅除冰剂使用者或居住在经过除冰剂处理的街道附近的人的接触情况。在这项工作中开发了更合适的暴露情景，并根据实验室测量和文献数据用这些模型预测了暴露。目前用于盐水道路处理监管评估的暴露情景导致预测的暴露为0.4-0.6 mrem/年。在这项工作中开发的方案预测的住宅暴露量为4.6 mrem/年。如果在该地区观测到的道路附近土壤镭浓度的最大范围用于该住宅情景（60 pCi/g 226 Ra，50 pCi/g 228 Ra），则居住在这些道路附近的居民将暴露于估计为296 mrem/年的辐射，高于核设施选址评估中使用的监管暴露阈值。这些结果强调，迫切需要澄清使用石油和天然气卤水作为道路处理的暴露风险，特别是考虑到目前道路影响在社会经济地位之间的分布差异。
The resurgence of oil and gas extraction in the Appalachian Basin has resulted in an excess of oil and gas brines in Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Ohio. Primarily driven by unconventional development, this expansion has also impacted conventional wells and consequently, created economic pressure to develop effective and cheap disposal options. Using brine as a road treatment, directly or as a processed deicer, however, creates substantial concern that naturally occurring radioactive material in the brines can contaminate roads and road-side areas. Current decision making is based on risk exposure scenarios developed by regulatory agencies based on recreational users in rural areas and exposures to drivers during a typical commute. These scenarios are not appropriate for evaluating exposures to residential deicer users or people living near treated streets. More appropriate exposure scenarios were developed in this work and exposures predicted with these models based on laboratory measurements and literature data. Exposure scenarios currently used for regulatory assessment of brine road treatment result in predicted exposures of 0.4–0.6 mrem/year. Residential exposures predicted by the scenarios developed in this work are 4.6 mrem/year. If the maximum range of near-road soil radium concentrations observed in the region is used in this residential scenario (60 pCi/g 226 Ra, 50 pCi/g 228 Ra), residents living near these roads would be exposed to an estimated 296 mrems/year, above regulatory exposure thresholds used in nuclear facility siting assessments. These results underline the urgent need to clarify exposure risks from the use of oil and gas brines as a road treatment, particularly given the existing disparities in the distribution of road impacts across socioeconomic status.
研究文章：宾夕法尼亚州石油和天然气采出水管理和地表饮用水源
影响因子：
--
作者：
Jessica M. Wilson;J. Vanbriesen
通讯作者：
J. Vanbriesen
宾夕法尼亚州处置场附近溪流沉积物中镭积累的来源：对传统石油和天然气废水处置的影响。
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Nancy E. Lauer;N. Warner;A. Vengosh
通讯作者：
A. Vengosh
阿拉巴马州杰斐逊县的土地开发特征
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Celina Bochis;R. Pitt;Pauline D. Johnson
通讯作者：
Pauline D. Johnson