Clathrin-independent endocytosis: an increasing degree of complexity
Clathrin-independent endocytosis: an increasing degree of complexity
复制标题
不依赖网格蛋白的内吞作用：复杂性不断增加
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
T. Skotland
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Sandvig;Simona Kavaliauskiene;T. Skotland
这篇文章的目的是提供一个更新的复杂性的网格蛋白独立内吞作用。从我们第一次写关于它存在的评论到现在已经快30年了；当时许多人认为，除了巨噬细胞症（本文将简要介绍巨噬细胞症）外，所有的摄取都可以通过网格蛋白依赖性内吞作用来解释。目前普遍认为存在不同的不依赖网格蛋白的机制，其中一些受配体和膜脂组成的调节。它们既可以是动力蛋白依赖的，也可以是不依赖的，这意味着摄取不能由小泡和其他动力蛋白依赖的过程来解释，比如可以由毒素（如志贺毒素）诱导的管状结构，或者最近描述的快速内噬蛋白介导的内吞作用。小囊泡似乎大多是相当稳定的结构，具有除内吞作用外的其他功能，但有证据表明它们可能具有细胞类型依赖的功能。尽管几个研究小组多年来一直在研究内吞机制，并且新的先进方法提高了我们研究机制细节的能力，但仍有许多重要问题需要我们解决，例如：一个细胞有多少种内吞机制？它们在数量上有多重要？极化细胞中不依赖网格蛋白的内吞作用在顶极和基底侧极受到不同的调节，那么极化细胞的复杂性又如何呢？这些问题并不容易回答，因为同一个分子可能对不止一个过程起作用，操纵一种机制可能影响另一种机制。此外，一些常用的内吞过程抑制剂的特异性比原先认为的要低。我们将在这里描述目前对不依赖网格蛋白的内吞过程的看法以及研究它们所面临的挑战。
This article aims at providing an update on the complexity of clathrin-independent endocytosis. It is now almost 30 years since we first wrote a review about its existence; at that time many people believed that with the exception of macropinocytosis, which will only be briefly mentioned in this review, all uptake could be accounted for by clathrin-dependent endocytosis. Now it is generally accepted that there are different clathrin-independent mechanisms, some of them regulated by ligands and membrane lipid composition. They can be both dynamin-dependent and -independent, meaning that the uptake cannot be accounted for by caveolae and other dynamin-dependent processes such as tubular structures that can be induced by toxins, e.g. Shiga toxin, or the fast endophilin mediated endocytosis recently described. Caveolae seem to be mostly quite stable structures with other functions than endocytosis, but evidence suggests that they may have cell-type dependent functions. Although several groups have been working on endocytic mechanisms for years, and new advanced methods have improved our ability to study mechanistic details, there are still a number of important questions we need to address, such as: How many endocytic mechanisms does a cell have? How quantitatively important are they? What about the complexity in polarized cells where clathrin-independent endocytosis is differentially regulated on the apical and basolateral poles? These questions are not easy to answer since one and the same molecule may contribute to more than one process, and manipulating one mechanism can affect another. Also, several inhibitors of endocytic processes commonly used turn out to be less specific than originally thought. We will here describe the current view of clathrin-independent endocytic processes and the challenges in studying them.
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影响因子：
19
作者：
Bendris N;Schmid SL
通讯作者：
Schmid SL
鞘糖脂和胆固醇选择性刺激小穴内吞作用。
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Sharma,DeepakK;Brown,JenniferC;Choudhury,Amit;Peterson,TimothyE;Holicky,Eileen;Marks,DavidL;Simari,Robert;Parton,RobertG;Pagano,RichardE
通讯作者：
Pagano,RichardE
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Cheng, Zhi-Jie;Singh, Raman Deep;Pagano, Richard E.
通讯作者：
Pagano, Richard E.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.96.12.6775
发表时间：
1999-06-08
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Subtil, A;Gaidarov, I;McGraw, TE
通讯作者：
McGraw, TE