Regulation of neural circuit formation by protocadherins.

Regulation of neural circuit formation by protocadherins.
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DOI:
10.1007/s00018-017-2572-3
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发表时间:
2017-11
期刊:
Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Weiner JA
Weiner JA
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Peek SL;Mah KM;Weiner JA

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The Protocadherins (Pcdhs), which make up the most diverse group within the cadherin superfamily, were first discovered in the early 1990's. Data implicating the Pcdhs, including ∼60 proteins encoded by the tandem Pcdha, Pcdhb, and Pcdhg gene clusters and another ∼10 non-clustered Pcdhs, in the regulation of neural development has continually accumulated, with a significant expansion of the field over the past decade. Here, we review the many roles played by clustered and non-clustered Pcdhs in multiple steps important for the formation and function of neural circuits, including dendrite arborization, axon outgrowth and targeting, synaptogenesis, and synapse elimination. We further discuss studies implicating mutation or epigenetic dysregulation of Pcdh genes in a variety of human neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders. With recent structural modeling of Pcdh proteins, the prospects for uncovering molecular mechanisms of Pcdh extracellular and intracellular interactions, and their role in normal and disrupted neural circuit formation, are bright.
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