Distinct Aging Effects on Motion Repulsion and Surround Suppression in Humans.
Distinct Aging Effects on Motion Repulsion and Surround Suppression in Humans.
复制标题
衰老对人类运动排斥和周围抑制的独特影响
DOI：
10.3389/fnagi.2017.00363
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Zhang T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deng H;Chen W;Kuang S;Zhang T
老年人在视觉运动感知方面表现出累积性缺陷，这对于人类与环境互动至关重要。先前的研究表明，衰老通常会减少视觉系统中的神经元抑制。在这里，我们研究了如何使用运动方向歧视任务的基础上的运动排斥现象的老化影响局部皮层内抑制。运动排斥是指当两个叠加的点图案以锐角移动时，观察者高估感知角度的现象。这种错觉被解释为同一皮层区域内邻近的方向调谐神经元之间的局部相互抑制。我们发现，老年人表现出更强的运动排斥比年轻人。然后，我们通过采用Betts等人（2005）先前使用的环绕抑制范式，将这种效应与衰老如何影响全局皮层间抑制进行了比较。我们发现，老年人表现出较少的变化时，高对比度漂移的Gabor的大小增加的歧视阈值，表明减少环绕抑制相比，年轻人。我们的研究结果表明，老化可能并不总是导致视觉系统中神经元抑制的减少。年龄对抑制功能的这些不同影响可能是老年人在现实世界中经常表现出运动知觉缺陷的原因之一。
Elderly exhibit accumulating deficits in visual motion perception, which is critical for humans to interact with their environment. Previous studies have suggested that aging generally reduces neuronal inhibition in the visual system. Here, we investigated how aging affects the local intra-cortical inhibition using a motion direction discrimination task based on the motion repulsion phenomenon. Motion repulsion refers to the phenomenon by which observers overestimate the perceived angle when two superimposed dot patterns are moving at an acute angle. The misperception has been interpreted as local mutual inhibition between nearby direction-tuned neurons within the same cortical area. We found that elderly exhibited much stronger motion repulsion than young adults. We then compared this effect to how aging affects the global inter-cortical inhibition by adopting the surround suppression paradigm previously used by Betts et al. (2005). We found that elderly showed less change in the discrimination threshold when the size of a high-contrast drifting Gabor was increased, indicating reduced surround suppression compared to young adults. Our results indicate that aging may not always lead to a decrease of neuronal inhibition in the visual system. These distinct effects of aging on inhibitory functions might be one of the reasons that elderly people often exhibit deficits of motion perception in a real-world situation.
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影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Boot WR;Stothart C;Charness N
通讯作者：
Charness N
嗅觉方向：嗅觉调节模糊的视觉运动知觉
影响因子：
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作者：
Kuang S;Zhang T
通讯作者：
Zhang T
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Sekuler, Allison B.
影响因子：
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作者：
Leventhal, AG;Wang, YC;Ma, YY
通讯作者：
Ma, YY
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Hiris, E;Blake, R
通讯作者：
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