Fungal Resistance to Echinocandins and the MDR Phenomenon in Candida glabrata.

Fungal Resistance to Echinocandins and the MDR Phenomenon in Candida glabrata.
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念珠菌的真菌对棘突的抗性和MDR现象。

DOI:
10.3390/jof4030105
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发表时间:
2018-09-01
期刊:
Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Perlin DS
Perlin DS
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Healey KR;Perlin DS

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光滑念珠菌已完全适应成功地定殖人类粘膜和生存在体内压力。在抗真菌治疗之前和期间。在所有与医学相关的念珠菌属中,C.光滑型已成为唑类、棘白菌素和多药(MDR:唑类+棘白菌素)适应性耐药的主要原因。这两种抗性机制都不是C.光滑的,因为稳定的遗传抗性取决于药物靶基因FKS 1和FKS 2(棘白菌素抗性)的突变,以及控制主要药物转运蛋白如CDR 1(唑类抗性)表达的转录因子PDR 1。然而,C.光滑是在稳定的“遗传逃逸”之前在体外和体内耐受药物压力的能力。此外,这些耐药事件可能发生在个体患者中,这强调了了解这种真菌如何适应其环境和体内药物暴露的重要性。在这里,我们探讨棘白菌素耐药性的演变作为一个多步骤的模型,包括一般细胞应激,药物适应(耐受性),和遗传逃逸。C. glabrata突出显示。
Candida glabrata has thoroughly adapted to successfully colonize human mucosal membranes and survive in vivo pressures. prior to and during antifungal treatment. Out of all the medically relevant Candida species, C. glabrata has emerged as a leading cause of azole, echinocandin, and multidrug (MDR: azole + echinocandin) adaptive resistance. Neither mechanism of resistance is intrinsic to C. glabrata, since stable genetic resistance depends on mutation of drug target genes, FKS1 and FKS2 (echinocandin resistance), and a transcription factor, PDR1, which controls expression of major drug transporters, such as CDR1 (azole resistance). However, another hallmark of C. glabrata is the ability to withstand drug pressure both in vitro and in vivo prior to stable “genetic escape”. Additionally, these resistance events can arise within individual patients, which underscores the importance of understanding how this fungus is adapting to its environment and to drug exposure in vivo. Here, we explore the evolution of echinocandin resistance as a multistep model that includes general cell stress, drug adaptation (tolerance), and genetic escape. The extensive genetic diversity reported in C. glabrata is highlighted.
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