Association between neighborhood walkability, cardiorespiratory fitness and body-mass index.
Association between neighborhood walkability, cardiorespiratory fitness and body-mass index.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.09.032
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发表时间：
2011-12
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Berrigan, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hoehner, Christine M.;Handy, Susan L.;Yan, Yan;Blair, Steven N.;Berrigan, David
关键词：
许多研究发现，社区建筑环境的特征与体育活动（PA）行为之间存在着横截面关联。然而，大多数是基于自我报告的PA，这是已知的导致PA的高估和人口统计学和生物学特征的分类错误。呼吸适应性（CRF）是PA的一个客观指标，因为它主要由PA决定。此外，它与长期健康结果有因果关系。因此，CRF和建筑环境之间的关联分析可以加强建筑环境对健康的影响的重要性的论点。我们研究了社区步行能力与CRF和体重指数（BMI）之间的关系。这项横断面分析包括16，543名年龄在18-90岁之间的成年人（5，017名女性，11，526名男性），他们的家庭住址在德克萨斯州，在1987年至2005年期间进行了全面的临床检查。结果包括最大运动平板试验总持续时间的CRF和测量的BMI。三个邻里步行因素出现了来自美国人口普查的块组措施的主成分分析。在多水平调整分析中，邻里步行能力因素与男性和女性的CRF和BMI在预期的方向上显著相关。邻里因素和年龄之间的相互作用也被观察到。这种相互作用表明，居住在有较老房屋的社区以及居民上班距离较短的社区与年轻人的CRF呈正相关，与老年人的BMI呈负相关。总之，假设支持更多PA和更少驾驶的邻居特征与更高水平的CRF和更低的BMI相关。建筑环境特征和CRF之间的关联的演示是一个显着的进步，在过去的研究的基础上，自我报告的PA。然而，更有力的因果证据取决于更稳健的研究设计和对环境、行为及其生理后果的复杂测量。
Many studies have found cross-sectional associations between characteristics of the neighborhood built environment and physical activity (PA) behavior. However, most are based on self-reported PA, which is known to result in overestimation of PA and differential misclassification by demographic and biological characteristics. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is an objective marker of PA because it is primarily determined by PA. Furthermore, it is causally related to long-term health outcomes. Therefore, analyses of the association between CRF and built environment could strengthen arguments for the importance of built environment influences on health. We examined the association between neighborhood walkability and CRF and body-mass index (BMI). This cross-sectional analysis included 16,543 adults (5,017 women, 11,526 men) aged 18–90 years with home addresses in Texas who had a comprehensive clinical examination between 1987 and 2005. Outcomes included CRF from total duration on a maximal exercise treadmill test and measured BMI. Three neighborhood walkability factors emerged from principal components analyses of block-group measures derived from the U.S. Census. In multilevel adjusted analyses, the neighborhood walkability factors were significantly associated with CRF and BMI among men and women in the expected direction. An interaction between one of the neighborhood factors and age was also observed. The interaction suggested that living in neighborhoods with older homes and with residents traveling shorter distances to work was more strongly positively associated with CRF among younger adults and more strongly negatively associated with BMI among older adults. In conclusion, neighborhood characteristics hypothesized to support more PA and less driving were associated with higher levels of CRF and lower BMI. Demonstration of an association between built environment characteristics and CRF is a significant advance over past studies based on self-reported PA. Nevertheless, stronger causal evidence depends on more robust study designs and sophisticated measures of the environment, behavior, and their physiological consequences.
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影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Flegal, Katherine M.;Carroll, Margaret D.;Curtin, Lester R.
通讯作者：
Curtin, Lester R.
DOI：
10.1186/1479-5868-7-57
发表时间：
2010-07-05
期刊：
The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity
影响因子：
--
作者：
Berry TR;Spence JC;Blanchard CM;Cutumisu N;Edwards J;Selfridge G
通讯作者：
Selfridge G
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Berrigan, D;Troiano, RP
通讯作者：
Troiano, RP
影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Church, Timothy S.;Earnest, Conrad P.;Blair, Steven N.
通讯作者：
Blair, Steven N.
影响因子：
37.8
作者：
Gulati, M;Pandey, DK;Black, HR
通讯作者：
Black, HR