Quaternary structure of the specific p53-DNA complex reveals the mechanism of p53 mutant dominance.

Quaternary structure of the specific p53-DNA complex reveals the mechanism of p53 mutant dominance.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gkr386
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发表时间:
2011-11-01
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Orlova EV
Orlova EV
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Aramayo R;Sherman MB;Brownless K;Lurz R;Okorokov AL;Orlova EV

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p53肿瘤抑制因子是一种转录激活因子,它控制细胞对各种应激的反应。p53可以通过p53靶基因的反式激活启动细胞周期停滞、衰老和/或凋亡,从而防止癌症发作。损害p53的突变通常发生在核心结构域,并否定p53序列特异性DNA结合。此外,这些突变对剩余的野生型p53表现出显性负效应。在这里,我们报告的冷冻电子显微镜结构的全长p53四聚体绑定到一个DNA编码的转录因子反应元件(RE)在21 μ m的分辨率。虽然来自p53四聚体的两个二聚体的两个核心结构域与复合物内的DNA相互作用,但其他两个核心结构域仍然可用于结合另一个DNA位点。这一发现有助于解释p53突变体的显性负效应,因为p53二聚体是在整个四聚体组装之前共同形成的;因此,单个突变体二聚体会阻止p53四聚体结合DNA。该结构表明p53的致命弱点在于其二聚体的二聚体组织,因此四聚体活性可以通过仅一个等位基因中的突变以及随后的肿瘤发生来否定。
The p53 tumour suppressor is a transcriptional activator that controls cell fate in response to various stresses. p53 can initiate cell cycle arrest, senescence and/or apoptosis via transactivation of p53 target genes, thus preventing cancer onset. Mutations that impair p53 usually occur in the core domain and negate the p53 sequence-specific DNA binding. Moreover, these mutations exhibit a dominant negative effect on the remaining wild-type p53. Here, we report the cryo electron microscopy structure of the full-length p53 tetramer bound to a DNA-encoding transcription factor response element (RE) at a resolution of 21 Å. While two core domains from both dimers of the p53 tetramer interact with DNA within the complex, the other two core domains remain available for binding another DNA site. This finding helps to explain the dominant negative effect of p53 mutants based on the fact that p53 dimers are formed co-translationally before the whole tetramer assembles; therefore, a single mutant dimer would prevent the p53 tetramer from binding DNA. The structure indicates that the Achilles’ heel of p53 is in its dimer-of-dimers organization, thus the tetramer activity can be negated by mutation in only one allele followed by tumourigenesis.
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