The heritability of mating behaviour in a fly and its plasticity in response to the threat of sperm competition.
The heritability of mating behaviour in a fly and its plasticity in response to the threat of sperm competition.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0090236
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Price TA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bretman A;Lizé A;Walling CA;Price TA
表型可塑性是动物应对快速变化环境的关键机制，但这种可塑性的进化不稳定性仍不清楚。社会性环境可能会非常迅速地波动，影响交配机会的频率和雄性可能面临的竞争水平。许多物种的雄性对社会环境的变化，特别是竞争对手雄性的存在，表现出可塑的行为反应。例如，雄性果蝇通过延长交配时间和增加射精量来应对竞争对手。虽然预计此类反应具有适应性，但反应的程度可遗传并因此可选择的程度尚不清楚。我们使用果蝇 D.pseudoobscura 的同雌系进行了研究，估计了暴露或未暴露竞争对手的雄性交配持续时间的遗传力，以及这些环境之间这一性状变化的遗传基础（即可塑性程度）。这两个种群的种群性别比例不同，并且存在扭曲自私染色体的性别比例。我们发现交配持续时间是可遗传的，但没有证据表明群体存在差异。我们发现，在一个群体中，交配持续时间的可塑性没有显着的遗传力，但在第二个群体中，可塑性的可塑性却处于显着的边缘。人群之间的这种差异可能与后一人群中存在扭曲性别比例的自私基因有关，但这需要对其他人群进行调查才能得出任何结论。我们认为，至少在某些种群中，存在选择的余地，可以在交配持续时间的可塑性方面产生进化反应，以响应拟暗色石斛的竞争对手。
Phenotypic plasticity is a key mechanism by which animals can cope with rapidly changeable environments, but the evolutionary lability of such plasticity remains unclear. The socio-sexual environment can fluctuate very rapidly, affecting both the frequency of mating opportunities and the level of competition males may face. Males of many species show plastic behavioural responses to changes in social environment, in particular the presence of rival males. For example, Drosophila pseudoobscura males respond to rivals by extending mating duration and increasing ejaculate size. Whilst such responses are predicted to be adaptive, the extent to which the magnitude of response is heritable, and hence selectable, is unknown. We investigated this using isofemale lines of the fruit fly D. pseudoobscura, estimating heritability of mating duration in males exposed or not to a rival, and any genetic basis to the change in this trait between these environments (i.e. degree of plasticity). The two populations differed in population sex ratio, and the presence of a sex ratio distorting selfish chromosome. We find that mating duration is heritable, but no evidence of population differences. We find no significant heritability of plasticity in mating duration in one population, but borderline significant heritability of plasticity in the second. This difference between populations might be related to the presence of the sex ratio distorting selfish gene in the latter population, but this will require investigation in additional populations to draw any conclusions. We suggest that there is scope for selection to produce an evolutionary response in the plasticity of mating duration in response to rivals in D. pseudoobscura, at least in some populations.
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影响因子：
16.8
作者：
Dingemanse, Niels J.;Kazem, Anahita J. N.;Wright, Jonathan
通讯作者：
Wright, Jonathan
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2007.0951
发表时间：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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