PARP1 depletion induces RIG-I-dependent signaling in human cancer cells.

PARP1 depletion induces RIG-I-dependent signaling in human cancer cells.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0194611
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Franco S
Franco S
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ghosh R;Roy S;Franco S

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DNA损伤反应(DDR)和DNA修复途径正在成为人类细胞中有效的、普遍存在的先天免疫信号抑制因子。在这里,我们表明,在先天免疫信号或病毒模仿激活的背景下,单链断裂(SSB)修复蛋白PARP1耗竭后存活的人类细胞经历了p21依赖性衰老或细胞周期检查点激活。具体来说,我们观察到大量干扰素刺激基因(ISGs)和多种模式识别受体(PRRs,包括rig - 1、MDA-5、MAVS、TLR3和STING)被诱导,核IRF3染色增加。从机制上讲,在parp1缺失的细胞中,双链RNA解旋酶RIG-I或其下游效应物MAVS的缺失特异性地挽救了ISG的诱导,这表明RIG-I/MAVS通路是这种情况下ISG持续表达所必需的。条件培养基或α/β-IFN受体的中和抗体实验表明,ISG的持续表达还需要一个自分泌/旁分泌环。最后,PARP1的缺失和辐射诱导的DNA损伤在诱导p21和ISGs中有很强的协同作用。总的来说,这些发现增加了我们对PARP1如何抑制与人类衰老、炎症和癌症相关的有害表型的理解。
DNA Damage Response (DDR) and DNA repair pathways are emerging as potent, ubiquitous suppressors of innate immune signaling in human cells. Here, we show that human cells surviving depletion of the Single Strand Break (SSB) repair protein PARP1 undergo p21-dependent senescence or cell cycle checkpoint activation in the context of activation of innate immune signaling, or viral mimicry. Specifically, we observe induction of a large number of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) and multiple pattern recognition receptors (PRRs; including RIG-I, MDA-5, MAVS, TLR3 and STING) and increased nuclear IRF3 staining. Mechanistically, depletion of the double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) helicase RIG-I or its downstream effector MAVS specifically rescues ISG induction in PARP1-depleted cells, suggesting that the RIG-I/MAVS pathway is required for sustained ISG expression in this context. Experiments with conditioned media or a neutralizing antibody to the α/β-IFN receptor revealed that persistent ISG expression additionally requires an autocrine/paracrine loop. Finally, loss of PARP1 and radiation-induced DNA damage strongly synergize in the induction of p21 and ISGs. Overall, these findings increase our understanding of how PARP1 may suppress deleterious phenotypes associated to aging, inflammation and cancer in humans.
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