Antiviral immunity via RIG-I-mediated recognition of RNA bearing 5'-diphosphates.

Antiviral immunity via RIG-I-mediated recognition of RNA bearing 5'-diphosphates.
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通过RIG-I介导的5'-二磷酸RNA识别的抗病毒药免疫。

DOI:
10.1038/nature13590
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发表时间:
2014-10-16
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Reis e Sousa, Caetano
Reis e Sousa, Caetano
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Goubau, Delphine;Schlee, Martin;Deddouche, Safia;Pruijssers, Andrea J.;Zillinger, Thomas;Goldeck, Marion;Schuberth, Christine;Van der Veen, Annemarthe G.;Fujimura, Tsutomu;Rehwinkel, Jan;Iskarpatyoti, Jason A.;Barchet, Winfried;Ludwig, Janos;Dermody, Terence S.;Hartmann, Gunther;Reis e Sousa, Caetano

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Mammalian cells possess mechanisms to detect and defend themselves from invading viruses. In the cytosol, the RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs), RIG-I (retinoic acid-inducible gene I; encoded by DDX58) and MDA5 (melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5; encoded by IFIH1) sense atypical RNAs associated with virus infection. Detection triggers a signalling cascade via the adaptor MAVS that culminates in the production of type I interferons (IFN-α/β; hereafter IFN), key antiviral cytokines. RIG-I and MDA5 are activated by distinct viral RNA structures and much evidence indicates that RIG-I responds to RNAs bearing a triphosphate (ppp) moiety in conjunction with a blunt-ended, base-paired region at the 5′-end (reviewed in ). Here we show that RIG-I also mediates antiviral responses to RNAs bearing 5′-diphosphates (5′pp). Genomes from mammalian reoviruses with 5′pp termini, 5′pp-RNA isolated from yeast L-A virus, and base-paired 5′pp-RNAs made by in vitro transcription or chemical synthesis, all bind to RIG-I and serve as RIG-I agonists. Furthermore, a RIG-I-dependent response to 5′pp-RNA is essential for controlling reovirus infection in cultured cells and in mice. Thus, the minimal determinant for RIG-I recognition is a base-paired RNA with 5′pp. Such RNAs are found in some viruses but not uninfected cells, indicating that recognition of 5′pp-RNA, like that of 5′ppp-RNA, acts as a powerful means of self/non-self discrimination by the innate immune system.
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