Geographic variation in the damselfish-red alga cultivation mutualism in the Indo-West Pacific.
Geographic variation in the damselfish-red alga cultivation mutualism in the Indo-West Pacific.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2148-10-185
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发表时间：
2010-06-18
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Kato M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hata H;Watanabe K;Kato M
在珊瑚礁上，雀鲷保护自己的领地免受食草动物的入侵，并维护藻地，并从中收获丝状藻类。在日本南部，Stegastes nigricans 对难消化藻类的密集除草导致一种丝状藻（Polysiphonia sp.）过度生长。 1. 由于这种藻类非常容易被放牧，并且在竞争上不如其他藻类，因此它只能在这种鱼类的保护范围内生存，这表明雀鲷和它们的养殖藻类之间存在必然的互利共生关系。雀鲷物种在印度-中太平洋地区的广泛分布提出了这样一个问题：这种物种特异性的互利共生是否在鱼类的整个地理范围内得以维持。为了解决这个问题，我们对所有 18 个雀鲷物种在整个印度-西太平洋地区的藻类植物区系进行了全面调查，并利用形态学检查和基因测序数据鉴定了多管藻属物种。在整个 S. nigricans 地理范围内，观察到多管藻属的几种物种是主要作物。多管藻属1仅发生在印度-太平洋中部地区的黑颈蜥领地。然而，它在大堡礁和毛里求斯的发生率较低。相比之下，其他本土多管虫物种与多管虫形成一个分支。 1，发生在埃及、肯尼亚和马尔代夫的鱼类领地。该分支中的其他多管藻物种仅栖息于雀鲷领地，从未在其他地方发现过。尽管藻类作物种类和栽培方式（例如，选择性除草的存在/不存在、藻类草皮的物种组成）因地区而异，但在整个印度-西太平洋地区，雀鲷和多管藻之间的栽培互利关系得以维持。这一发现意味着雀鲷以不同的方式利用新殖民栖息地中的本土多管藻物种，因此藻类组成和养殖方式也有所不同。
On coral reefs, damselfish defend their territories from invading herbivores and maintain algal turfs, from which they harvest filamentous algae. In southern Japan, intensive weeding of indigestible algae by Stegastes nigricans results in overgrowth by one filamentous alga, Polysiphonia sp. 1. Because this alga is highly susceptible to grazing and is competitively inferior to other algae, it survives only within the protective territories of this fish species, suggesting an obligate mutualism between damselfish and their cultivated alga. The wide distribution of damselfish species through the Indo-Central Pacific raises the question of whether this species-specific mutualism is maintained throughout the geographic range of the fish. To address this question, from all 18 damselfish species we conducted comprehensive surveys of algal flora within their territories throughout the Indo-West Pacific, and identified species of Polysiphonia using morphological examination and gene sequencing data. Several species of the genus Polysiphonia were observed as a major crop in territories throughout the geographic range of S. nigricans. Polysiphonia sp. 1 occurred only in territories of S. nigricans in central areas of the Indo-Pacific. However, its occurrence was low from the Great Barrier Reef and Mauritius. In contrast, other indigenous Polysiphonia species, which formed a clade with Polysiphonia sp. 1, occurred in the territories of fishes from Egypt, Kenya, and the Maldives. The other Polysiphonia species in the clade only inhabited damselfish territories and were never found elsewhere. Cultivation mutualism between the damselfish S. nigricans and algae of Polysiphonia was maintained throughout the Indo-West Pacific, although algal crop species and the mode of cultivation (e.g., presence/absence of selective weeding, the species composition of algal turfs) varied among localities. This finding implies that damselfish utilize indigenous Polysiphonia species in newly colonized habitats in different ways, and therefore the algal composition and means of cultivation have diverged.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jembe.2006.04.012
发表时间：
2006-08-22
影响因子：
2
作者：
Gobler, Christopher J.;Thibault, Danielle B.;Liddle, Larry B.
通讯作者：
Liddle, Larry B.
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
CLARKE, KR;WARWICK, RM
通讯作者：
WARWICK, RM
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Hoey, A. S.;Bellwood, D. R.
通讯作者：
Bellwood, D. R.
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.222313099
发表时间：
2002-11-12
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Aanen, DK;Eggleton, P;Boomsma, JJ
通讯作者：
Boomsma, JJ
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
BRAWLEY S H;ADEY W H
通讯作者：
ADEY W H