A new species of Xenoturbella from the western Pacific Ocean and the evolution of Xenoturbella.
A new species of Xenoturbella from the western Pacific Ocean and the evolution of Xenoturbella.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12862-017-1080-2
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发表时间：
2017-12-18
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Kohtsuka H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nakano H;Miyazawa H;Maeno A;Shiroishi T;Kakui K;Koyanagi R;Kanda M;Satoh N;Omori A;Kohtsuka H
异鳖虫是一种海洋底栖动物，没有肛门和中枢神经系统。分子系统发育分析将这种动物与无腔动物门（Acoelomorpha）一起归类，形成了异腔动物门（Xenacoelomorpha）。该类群被认为是肾虫门或后口门的姐妹类群，因此它可能为了解肛门、肾单位、摄食幼虫和中枢神经系统等双侧特征的起源提供重要见解。然而，只有五个Xenoturbella物种已被报道，xenoturbellids和Xenacoelomorpha的进化历史仍然模糊。在这里，我们描述了一个新的Xenoturbella种从西太平洋，并报告了一个新的xenoturbellid结构-额孔。非破坏性microCT被用来研究这种软体动物的内部形态。这揭示了存在的额孔是连续的腹腺网络，并表现出相似性的额叶器官acoelomorphs。我们的研究结果表明，大的尺寸，椭圆形的口，额孔和腹腺网络可能是祖先的特征。进一步的研究将有助于阐明异盘虫的额孔和腹腺网络与无囊形额器的进化关系。新发现的物种的栖息地之一是很容易从一个海洋站，所以这个物种的承诺是有价值的两侧和后口动物进化的研究。本文的在线版本（10.1186/s12862-017-1080-2）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Xenoturbella is a group of marine benthic animals lacking an anus and a centralized nervous system. Molecular phylogenetic analyses group the animal together with the Acoelomorpha, forming the Xenacoelomorpha. This group has been suggested to be either a sister group to the Nephrozoa or a deuterostome, and therefore it may provide important insights into origins of bilaterian traits such as an anus, the nephron, feeding larvae and centralized nervous systems. However, only five Xenoturbella species have been reported and the evolutionary history of xenoturbellids and Xenacoelomorpha remains obscure. Here we describe a new Xenoturbella species from the western Pacific Ocean, and report a new xenoturbellid structure - the frontal pore. Non-destructive microCT was used to investigate the internal morphology of this soft-bodied animal. This revealed the presence of a frontal pore that is continuous with the ventral glandular network and which exhibits similarities with the frontal organ in acoelomorphs. Our results suggest that large size, oval mouth, frontal pore and ventral glandular network may be ancestral features for Xenoturbella. Further studies will clarify the evolutionary relationship of the frontal pore and ventral glandular network of xenoturbellids and the acoelomorph frontal organ. One of the habitats of the newly identified species is easily accessible from a marine station and so this species promises to be valuable for research on bilaterian and deuterostome evolution. The online version of this article (10.1186/s12862-017-1080-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Castresana, J
通讯作者：
Castresana, J
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Børve A;Hejnol A
通讯作者：
Hejnol A
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
EHLERS, U
通讯作者：
EHLERS, U
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Bourlat, Sarah J.;Nakano, Hiroaki;Obst, Matthias
通讯作者：
Obst, Matthias
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Arroyo AS;López-Escardó D;de Vargas C;Ruiz-Trillo I
通讯作者：
Ruiz-Trillo I