Osteoclasts have multiple roles in bone in addition to bone resorption.
Osteoclasts have multiple roles in bone in addition to bone resorption.
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DOI：
10.1615/critreveukargeneexpr.v19.i3.10
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Xing L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boyce BF;Yao Z;Xing L
破骨细胞是降解骨骼以启动正常骨重塑的细胞，并通过增加其再吸收活性来介导病理条件下的骨质流失。它们源自骨髓/单核细胞谱系的前体，在骨髓中形成后在血液中循环。这些破骨细胞前体 (OCP) 被吸引到骨表面上用于吸收的位点，并相互融合形成多核细胞，在骨髓中成骨细胞的影响下吸收钙化基质。最近的研究已经确定了 OCP 和破骨细胞在骨内和骨周围除骨吸收之外的功能。例如，它们调节成骨细胞前体的分化以及造血干细胞从骨髓到血液的移动；它们参与免疫反应，并分泌细胞因子，这些细胞因子可以影响它们自身的功能以及影响骨骼的炎症和肿瘤过程中其他细胞的功能。在这里，我们回顾了这些发现，它们定义了破骨细胞和 OCP 在不断发展的骨免疫学领域以及骨吸收增加的常见病理条件中的新作用。
Osteoclasts are the cells that degrade bone to initiate normal bone remodeling and mediate bone loss in pathologic conditions by increasing their resorptive activity. They are derived from precursors in the myeloid/monocyte lineage that circulate in the blood after their formation in the bone marrow. These osteoclast precursors (OCPs) are attracted to sites on bone surfaces destined for resorption and fuse with one another to form the multinucleated cells that resorb calcified matrixes under the influence of osteoblastic cells in bone marrow. Recent studies have identified functions for OCPs and osteoclasts in and around bone other than bone resorption. For example, they regulate the differentiation of osteoblast precursors and the movement of hematopoietic stem cells from the bone marrow to the bloodstream; they participate in immune responses, and secrete cytokines that can affect their own functions and those of other cells in inflammatory and neoplastic processes affecting bone. Here, we review these findings, which define new roles for osteoclasts and OCPs in the growing field of osteoimmunology and in common pathologic conditions in which bone resorption is increased.
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