Neural crest and olfactory system: new prospective.

Neural crest and olfactory system: new prospective.
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DOI:
10.1007/s12035-012-8286-5
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发表时间:
2012-10
影响因子:
5.1
通讯作者:
Wray, Susan
Wray, Susan
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Forni, Paolo E.;Wray, Susan

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脊椎动物的感觉神经元来源于两种胚胎瞬时细胞:神经嵴(NC)和外胚层基板。基板是外胚层组织的增厚,其负责形成颅神经节以及复杂的感觉器官,包括透镜、内耳和嗅上皮。NC细胞已被表明在神经板/背神经管的边缘处产生,来自神经板和表皮两者,以响应于相互作用,Dauy和Jacobson(Dev Biol 141:243-253,1990)。NC细胞在整个生物体中迁移并产生多种细胞类型,包括黑素细胞、头部的软骨和结缔组织、颅神经的成分、背根神经节和许旺细胞。这两个瞬时群体的胚胎定义及其对感觉器官形成的相对贡献已经被研究和争论了几十年(Basch和Bronner-Fraser,Adv Exp Med Biol 589:24-31,2006; Basch等人,Nature 441:218-222,2006)综述(Baker和Bronner-Fraser,Dev Biol 232:1-61,2001)。历史上,所有基板已被描述为完全来自非神经外胚层祖细胞。最近的遗传命运作图研究表明NC对啮齿动物的嗅觉基板(OP)以及耳(听觉)基板的贡献(Murdoch和Roskams,J NeurosciOff J Soc Neurosci 28:4271-4282,2008; Murdoch等人,J Neurosci 30:9523-9532,2010; Forni等人,J Neurosci Off J Soc Neurosci 31:6915-6927,2011 b; Freyer等人,Development 138:5403-5414,2011; Katoh等人,Mol Brain 4:34,2011)。本文就OP、基板衍生物和嗅觉系统的最新发育研究进行了分析和讨论。
Sensory neurons in vertebrates are derived from two embryonic transient cell sources: neural crest (NC) and ectodermal placodes. The placodes are thickenings of ectodermal tissue that are responsible for the formation of cranial ganglia as well as complex sensory organs that include the lens, inner ear, and olfactory epithelium. The NC cells have been indicated to arise at the edges of the neural plate/dorsal neural tube, from both the neural plate and the epidermis in response to reciprocal interactions Moury and Jacobson (Dev Biol 141:243–253, 1990). NC cells migrate throughout the organism and give rise to a multitude of cell types that include melanocytes, cartilage and connective tissue of the head, components of the cranial nerves, the dorsal root ganglia, and Schwann cells. The embryonic definition of these two transient populations and their relative contribution to the formation of sensory organs has been investigated and debated for several decades (Basch and Bronner-Fraser, Adv Exp Med Biol 589:24–31, 2006; Basch et al., Nature 441:218–222, 2006) review (Baker and Bronner-Fraser, Dev Biol 232:1–61, 2001). Historically, all placodes have been described as exclusively derived from non-neural ectodermal progenitors. Recent genetic fate-mapping studies suggested a NC contribution to the olfactory placodes (OP) as well as the otic (auditory) placodes in rodents (Murdoch and Roskams, J NeurosciOff J Soc Neurosci 28:4271–4282, 2008; Murdoch et al., J Neurosci 30:9523–9532, 2010; Forni et al., J Neurosci Off J Soc Neurosci 31:6915–6927, 2011b; Freyer et al., Development 138:5403–5414, 2011; Katoh et al., Mol Brain 4:34, 2011). This review analyzes and discusses some recent developmental studies on the OP, placodal derivatives, and olfactory system.
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