A phase-separated nuclear GBPL circuit controls immunity in plants.

A phase-separated nuclear GBPL circuit controls immunity in plants.
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相分离的核GBPL电路控制植物的免疫力。

DOI:
10.1038/s41586-021-03572-6
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发表时间:
2021-06
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
MacMicking JD
MacMicking JD
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Huang S;Zhu S;Kumar P;MacMicking JD

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液-液相分离(LLPS)已经成为理解真核生物中无膜细胞器如何划分不同细胞活动的中心范式。在这里,我们确定了一个超家族的植物鸟苷酸结合蛋白(GBP)样GTP酶(GBPLs),组装LLPS驱动的浓缩物内的核,以防止感染和自身免疫。在拟南芥中,该家族的两个成员-GBPL 1和GBPL 3-经历相变行为以控制转录反应,作为暴露于生物胁迫所触发的变构开关的一部分。GBPL 1是一种假GTdR,在基础条件下螯合催化活性的GBPL 3,但当它进入细胞核后,在免疫信号作用下被GBPL 3 LLPS取代,以驱动形成独特的无膜细胞器,称为GBPL防御激活缩合物(GDAC),我们通过原位冷冻电子断层扫描观察到。在这些中尺度GDAC结构中,天然GBPL 3直接结合防御基因启动子,并招募介体复合物和RNA聚合酶II机器的特异性转录共激活因子,以大规模重新编程宿主基因表达以获得抗病性。总之,我们的研究确定了一个GGPL电路,加强了相分离冷凝物的生物重要性,在这种情况下,作为植物防御中不可或缺的参与者。
Liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) has emerged as a central paradigm for understanding how membraneless organelles compartmentalize diverse cellular activities in eukaryotes. Here we identify a superfamily of plant guanylate-binding protein (GBP)-like GTPases (GBPLs) that assemble LLPS-driven condensates within the nucleus to protect against infection and autoimmunity. In Arabidopsis thaliana, two members of this family—GBPL1 and GBPL3—undergo phase-transition behaviour to control transcriptional responses as part of an allosteric switch that is triggered by exposure to biotic stress. GBPL1, a pseudo-GTPase, sequesters catalytically active GBPL3 under basal conditions but is displaced by GBPL3 LLPS when it enters the nucleus following immune cues to drive the formation of unique membraneless organelles termed GBPL defence-activated condensates (GDACs) that we visualized by in situ cryo-electron tomography. Within these mesoscale GDAC structures, native GBPL3 directly bound defence-gene promoters and recruited specific transcriptional coactivators of the Mediator complex and RNA polymerase II machinery to massively reprogram host gene expression for disease resistance. Together, our study identifies a GBPL circuit that reinforces the biological importance of phase-separated condensates, in this case, as indispensable players in plant defence.
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