δ-Catenin activates Rho GTPase, promotes lymphangiogenesis and growth of tumor metastases.

δ-Catenin activates Rho GTPase, promotes lymphangiogenesis and growth of tumor metastases.
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δ-catenin激活Rho GTPase,促进肿瘤转移的淋巴管生成和生长。

DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0116338
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发表时间:
2015
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Lin PC
Lin PC
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ghose S;Min Y;Lin PC

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δ-catenin是一种粘附连接蛋白,不仅参与神经细胞的早期发育、细胞间粘附和细胞运动,而且在血管内皮细胞运动和病理性血管生成中也起重要作用。在这项研究中,我们报告了δ-连环蛋白在淋巴管生成中的新功能。与δ-连环蛋白在血管内皮细胞中的表达一致,我们检测到该基因在淋巴管内皮细胞(LEC)中的表达。体外实验表明,晶状体上皮细胞中δ-连环蛋白的异位表达增加了细胞运动性和淋巴管网络的形成,在基质胶塞试验中,体内淋巴管生成增加。相反,在体外和体内,LEC中δ-连环蛋白的敲低损害淋巴管生成。生化分析显示,δ-连环蛋白调节Rho家族小GTP酶的激活,Rho家族小GTP酶是细胞运动的关键介质。在LEC中,δ-catenin激活Rac 1和Cdc 42,但抑制RhoA。值得注意的是,在Matrigel测定中,Rac 1活化的阻断损害了δ-连环蛋白介导的淋巴管生成。因此,小鼠中δ-连环蛋白的缺失抑制了肿瘤转移的生长。综上所述,这些发现确定了δ-连环蛋白在淋巴管生成和肿瘤生长/转移中的新功能,可能通过调节小Rho GT3活化。以δ-catenin为靶点可能为控制肿瘤转移提供新的途径。
δ-catenin, an adherens junctions protein, is not only involved in early development, cell-cell adhesion and cell motility in neuronal cells, but it also plays an important role in vascular endothelial cell motility and pathological angiogenesis. In this study, we report a new function of δ-catenin in lymphangiogenesis. Consistent with expression of δ-catenin in vascular endothelial cells, we detected expression of the gene in lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). Ectopic expression of δ-catenin in LECs increased cell motility and lymphatic vascular network formation in vitro and lymphangiogenesis in vivo in a Matrigel plug assay. Conversely, knockdown of δ-catenin in LECs impaired lymphangiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Biochemical analysis shows that δ-catenin regulates activation of Rho family small GTPases, key mediators in cell motility. δ-catenin activates Rac1 and Cdc42 but inhibits RhoA in LECs. Notably, blocking of Rac1 activation impaired δ-catenin mediated lymphangiogenesis in a Matrigel assay. Consistently, loss of δ-catenin in mice inhibited the growth of tumor metastases. Taken together, these findings identify a new function of δ-catenin in lymphangiogenesis and tumor growth/metastasis, likely through modulation of small Rho GTPase activation. Targeting δ-catenin may offer a new way to control tumor metastasis.
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