Predicting catchment suitability for biodiversity at national scales
Predicting catchment suitability for biodiversity at national scales
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预测国家范围内生物多样性的流域适宜性
DOI：
10.1101/2022.03.31.486513
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Dobson B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dobson B
由于尺度不匹配，水质生物监测和集水区管理往往是脱节的。每年都要花费大量的精力和金钱在许多地点进行常规的范围尺度调查，特别是在英国这样的国家，几十年来一直使用标准化技术进行全国范围的抽样调查。这些传统的淡水生物监测计划大多侧重于预先确定的有机污染指标，以比较观察到的常见大型无脊椎动物指标物种与预期的子集。其他分类群，包括许多受威胁的物种，往往被忽视，因为他们的稀有性，因为是许多入侵物种，被视为不可取的，尽管越来越常见和广泛的淡水，特别是在城市生态系统。这两类分类群往往是出于生物多样性关切而不是为了衡量水质而分别监测的。因此，重新利用这些数据可以提供重要的新生物监测工具，帮助集水管理人员将他们想要控制的水质与他们想要保护的生物多样性直接联系起来。在这里，我们使用了英格兰非本地和稀有/受保护物种记录中保存的大量数据，这些记录跟踪了这两组物种，作为将淡水生态系统和生物多样性的集水区规模管理与英格兰各地的一系列潜在驱动因素联系起来的概念验证。我们使用国家土地利用（中心生态和水文土地覆盖图）和水质指标（环境署水质数据档案）数据集预测，在集水区规模，存在或不存在的48个重点威胁或入侵物种的关注，定期抽样的英国环境署，与0.81面积下的接收器操作特征曲线的中位精度。各种水质指标和土地利用类型在预测中很有用，这突出表明，未来的生物监测计划可以利用这种补充措施来捕捉更广泛的驱动因素和应对措施。特别是，淡水覆盖的集水区百分比是最重要的一个指标，这加强了对空间/栖息地支持生物多样性的需求，但我们也能够解决特定重点物种的一系列关键环境驱动因素。我们展示了我们的方法如何为新的集水区管理方法提供信息，强调如何识别关键关系，以及如何理解，可视化和优先考虑最适合恢复或水质干预的集水区。就物种数量、驱动因素和地点而言，这项工作的规模是朝着形成一种新的流域管理方法迈出的重要一步，这种方法使管理人员能够将他们可以控制的驱动因素（水质和土地使用）与他们试图保护的生物群（生物多样性）联系起来。
Biomonitoring of water quality and catchment management are often disconnected, due to mismatching scales. Considerable effort and money are spent each year on routine reach-scale surveying across many sites, particularly in countries like the UK, where nationwide sampling has been conducted using standardised techniques for many decades. Most of these traditional freshwater biomonitoring schemes focus on pre-defined indicators of organic pollution to compare observed vs expected subsets of common macroinvertebrate indicator species. Other taxa, including many threatened species, are often ignored due to their rarity, as are many invasive species, which are seen as undesirable despite becoming increasingly common and widespread in freshwaters, especially in urban ecosystems. Both these types of taxa are often monitored separately for reasons related to biodiversity concerns rather than for gauging water quality. Repurposing such data could therefore provide important new biomonitoring tools that can help catchment managers to directly link the water quality they aim to control with the biodiversity they are trying to protect. Here we used extensive data held in the England Non-Native and Rare/Protected species records that track these two groups of species as a proof-of-concept for linking catchment scale management of freshwater ecosystems and biodiversity to a range of potential drivers across England. We used national land use (Centre for Ecology and Hydrology land cover map) and water quality indicator (Environment Agency water quality data archive) datasets to predict, at the catchment scale, the presence or absence of 48 focal threatened or invasive species of concern routinely sampled by the English Environment Agency, with a median accuracy of 0.81 area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. A variety of water quality indicators and land-use types were useful in predictions, highlighting that future biomonitoring schemes could use such complementary measures to capture a wider spectrum of drivers and responses. In particular, the percentage of a catchment covered by freshwater was the single most important metric, reinforcing the need for space/habitat to support biodiversity, but we were also able to resolve a range of key environmental drivers for particular focal species. We show how our method could inform new catchment management approaches, by highlighting how key relationships can be identified and how to understand, visualise and prioritise catchments that are most suitable for restoration or water quality interventions. The scale of this work, in terms of number of species, drivers and locations, represents a significant step towards forging a new approach to catchment management that enables managers to link drivers they can control (water quality and land use) to the biota they are trying to protect (biodiversity).
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