Comparable prediction of breast cancer risk from a glimpse or a first impression of a mammogram.
Comparable prediction of breast cancer risk from a glimpse or a first impression of a mammogram.
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DOI：
10.1186/s41235-021-00339-5
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发表时间：
2021-11-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Evans KK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Raat EM;Farr I;Wolfe JM;Evans KK
放射科医生可以在短暂（例如 500 毫秒）曝光后以极高的准确度辨别正常与异常的乳房 X 光检查。他们甚至可以通过查看后来患癌症的女性当前正常的图像（之前）来预测癌症风险。这涉及一个快速、全局、非选择性的过程，称为“要点提取”。目前尚不清楚长时间暴露是否可以增强主旨信号，或者是否仅在早期暴露中可用。这对于不包含任何可定位异常信号的先验来说特别有趣。当前的研究比较了四种类型的乳房 X 光检查（正常、异常、对侧、先验）的短暂（500 毫秒）或无限曝光的性能。一组专家放射科医生和未经训练的观察员接受了测试。正如预期的那样，放射科医生的表现优于新手参与者。重复之前的工作，尽管要点信号很弱，但他们超出了机会表现。然而，我们发现放射科医生或天真的在计时条件之间没有一致的表现差异。暴露时间既不会增加也不会降低识别异常要点或预测癌症风险的能力。如果主旨信号要在癌症风险评估中占有一席之地，就应该付出更多努力来加强该信号。
Expert radiologists can discern normal from abnormal mammograms with above-chance accuracy after brief (e.g. 500 ms) exposure. They can even predict cancer risk viewing currently normal images (priors) from women who will later develop cancer. This involves a rapid, global, non-selective process called “gist extraction”. It is not yet known whether prolonged exposure can strengthen the gist signal, or if it is available solely in the early exposure. This is of particular interest for the priors that do not contain any localizable signal of abnormality. The current study compared performance with brief (500 ms) or unlimited exposure for four types of mammograms (normal, abnormal, contralateral, priors). Groups of expert radiologists and untrained observers were tested. As expected, radiologists outperformed naïve participants. Replicating prior work, they exceeded chance performance though the gist signal was weak. However, we found no consistent performance differences in radiologists or naïves between timing conditions. Exposure time neither increased nor decreased ability to identify the gist of abnormality or predict cancer risk. If gist signals are to have a place in cancer risk assessments, more efforts should be made to strengthen the signal.
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