Perspective Insights into Disease Progression, Diagnostics, and Therapeutic Approaches in Alzheimer's Disease: A Judicious Update.
Perspective Insights into Disease Progression, Diagnostics, and Therapeutic Approaches in Alzheimer's Disease: A Judicious Update.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnagi.2017.00356
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Choi I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jan AT;Azam M;Rahman S;Almigeiti AMS;Choi DH;Lee EJ;Haq QMR;Choi I
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种神经退行性疾病，其特征在于β-淀粉样蛋白原纤维和异常tau蛋白在神经元内外的进行性积累。AD是一种常见的痴呆症，随着年龄的增长而加重，会增加老年人的发病率。虽然ApoE 4突变是散发性AD的潜在危险因素，但家族性AD是通过APP，PSEN-1和-2基因的功能障碍而产生的。AD通过脑中淀粉样蛋白斑（Aβ）和神经元缠结（NFT）的积累而进展，其干扰神经元通信。线粒体功能障碍、内质网功能障碍和自噬引起的细胞应激在AD的发病机制中起重要作用。由于疾病诊断的高准确性，Aβ沉积和磷酸化tau（p-tau）是AD患者脑脊液（CSF）中有用的核心生物标志物。尽管有五种药物被批准用于治疗AD，但它们在实现完全治愈疾病方面的失败使研究转向了一系列能够对抗Aβ和p-tau的分子。在大多数情况下，生物制剂或化合物不能穿过血脑屏障（BBB），这就要求开发一种有效的药物递送系统。尽管脂质体和聚合物纳米颗粒被广泛用于药物递送模块，但由于它们在减少疾病进展方面的有希望的结果，它们在递送药物穿过BBB中的用途已经被外泌体所取代。
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive accumulation of β-amyloid fibrils and abnormal tau proteins in and outside of neurons. Representing a common form of dementia, aggravation of AD with age increases the morbidity rate among the elderly. Although, mutations in the ApoE4 act as potent risk factors for sporadic AD, familial AD arises through malfunctioning of APP, PSEN-1, and−2 genes. AD progresses through accumulation of amyloid plaques (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in brain, which interfere with neuronal communication. Cellular stress that arises through mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum malfunction, and autophagy contributes significantly to the pathogenesis of AD. With high accuracy in disease diagnostics, Aβ deposition and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) are useful core biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of AD patients. Although five drugs are approved for treatment in AD, their failures in achieving complete disease cure has shifted studies toward a series of molecules capable of acting against Aβ and p-tau. Failure of biologics or compounds to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in most cases advocates development of an efficient drug delivery system. Though liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles are widely adopted for drug delivery modules, their use in delivering drugs across the BBB has been overtaken by exosomes, owing to their promising results in reducing disease progression.
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影响因子：
15.1
作者：
Brinkmalm A;Brinkmalm G;Honer WG;Frölich L;Hausner L;Minthon L;Hansson O;Wallin A;Zetterberg H;Blennow K;Öhrfelt A
通讯作者：
Öhrfelt A
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Abushouk AI;Elmaraezy A;Aglan A;Salama R;Fouda S;Fouda R;AlSafadi AM
通讯作者：
AlSafadi AM
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Cascella M;Bimonte S;Muzio MR;Schiavone V;Cuomo A
通讯作者：
Cuomo A
影响因子：
12.4
作者：
Criollo, A.;Maiuri, M. C.;Kroemer, G.
通讯作者：
Kroemer, G.
影响因子：
14
作者：
通讯作者：
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