Human Echolocation for Target Detection Is More Accurate With Emissions Containing Higher Spectral Frequencies, and This Is Explained by Echo Intensity.
Human Echolocation for Target Detection Is More Accurate With Emissions Containing Higher Spectral Frequencies, and This Is Explained by Echo Intensity.
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DOI：
10.1177/2041669518776984
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发表时间：
2018-05
期刊：
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Thaler L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Norman LJ;Thaler L
人类可以学会使用声学回声来检测和分类物体。回声定位器通常使用舌头点击来引起这些回声，并且有一些证据表明回声定位器的舌头点击的较高频谱频率内容与更好的回声定位性能相关。这可以用回声的强度来解释。目前的研究测试实验（a）如果发射具有较高的频谱频率导致更好的性能，为目标检测，（B），如果这是介导的回波强度。参与者听录音，其中包含发射，有时是一个物体的回声。发射的峰值光谱频率在3.5和4.5 kHz之间变化。参与者判断他们是否在这些录音中听到了物体，并在回声强度被数字化等同的条件下做同样的事情。参与者使用更高光谱频率的发射表现更好，但当回声强度相等时，这种优势就消失了。这些结果表明，具有较高频谱频率的发射可以在它们导致回波强度增加的条件下有益于回波定位性能。研究结果表明，接受回声定位训练的人应该被指示发出具有更高频谱频率内容的发射（例如嘴点击）。
Humans can learn to use acoustic echoes to detect and classify objects. Echolocators typically use tongue clicks to induce these echoes, and there is some evidence that higher spectral frequency content of an echolocator’s tongue click is associated with better echolocation performance. This may be explained by the intensity of the echoes. The current study tested experimentally (a) if emissions with higher spectral frequencies lead to better performance for target detection, and (b) if this is mediated by echo intensity. Participants listened to sound recordings that contained an emission and sometimes an echo from an object. The peak spectral frequency of the emission was varied between 3.5 and 4.5 kHz. Participants judged whether they heard the object in these recordings and did the same under conditions in which the intensity of the echoes had been digitally equated. Participants performed better using emissions with higher spectral frequencies, but this advantage was eliminated when the intensity of the echoes was equated. These results demonstrate that emissions with higher spectral frequencies can benefit echolocation performance in conditions where they lead to an increase in echo intensity. The findings suggest that people who train to echolocate should be instructed to make emissions (e.g. mouth clicks) with higher spectral frequency content.
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