Wild fledgling tits do not mob in response to conspecific or heterospecific mobbing calls

Wild fledgling tits do not mob in response to conspecific or heterospecific mobbing calls
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野生雏鸟不会响应同种或异种的围攻叫声

DOI:
10.1111/ibi.12754
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
影响因子:
2.1
通讯作者:
Carlson N
Carlson N
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Carlson N

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鸟类通过发声和刻板行为的结合来骚扰捕食者,这对许多物种来说是一种有效的反捕食行为。聚众斗殴对青少年可能特别重要,因为这些人往往比成年人更容易受到伤害。虽然围攻的组成行为通常被认为是未习得的,但很少有证实性的数据,而且围攻的发展轨迹也是未知的。在这项研究中,我们测试了是否同种或异种的骚扰电话在青少年蓝TitsCyanistes caeruleus发起骚扰行为。我们找到了野生成年和最近羽翼丰满的青少年蓝山雀,并向他们提供了成年同种(蓝山雀)和异种(大TitParus major)骚扰报警电话的回放录音。虽然成年鸟很容易暴民在这些类型的播放,青少年没有表现出特有的暴民行为。然而,一些青少年确实表现出在围攻中发现的围攻行为的个体成分,尽管没有产生类似成年人的围攻行为以响应同种或异种播放。这些结果表明,虽然鸟类可能能够在幼年时进行围攻,但非声音定型的围攻行为和围攻呼叫之间的关联可能是学习的。
Mobbing, where birds harass a predator through a combination of vocalizations and stereotyped behaviours, is an effective anti‐predator behaviour for many species. Mobbing may be particularly important for juveniles, as these individuals are often more vulnerable than adults. Although the component behaviours of mobbing are often considered to be un‐learned, there are few confirmatory data, and the developmental trajectory of mobbing is unknown. In this study, we tested whether conspecific or heterospecific mobbing calls initiated mobbing behaviour in juvenile Blue TitsCyanistes caeruleus. We located wild adult and recently fledged juvenile Blue Tits and presented them with playback recordings of adult conspecific (Blue Tit) and heterospecific (Great TitParus major) mobbing alarm calls. Although adult birds readily mob in response to these types of playbacks, juveniles did not exhibit characteristic mobbing behaviour. Some juveniles did, however, exhibit individual components of mobbing behaviour found in mobbing, despite not producing adult‐like mobbing behaviour in response to either conspecific or heterospecific playback. These results suggest that, although birds might be capable of mobbing as juveniles, the associations between the non‐vocal stereotyped mobbing behaviours and mobbing calls may be learned.
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