Epigenetic modifications in plants: an evolutionary perspective.

Epigenetic modifications in plants: an evolutionary perspective.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.pbi.2010.12.002
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发表时间:
2011-04
影响因子:
9.5
通讯作者:
Jacobsen SE
Jacobsen SE
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Feng S;Jacobsen SE

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植物基因组被一系列有助于调节植物生长和繁殖的表观遗传标记所修饰。虽然植物与动物和真菌有许多共同的表观遗传特征,但一些表观遗传标记是植物所独有的。在不同的生物中,相同的表观遗传标记可以发挥不同的作用和/或不同的表观遗传标记可以执行相似的功能。此外,尽管负责产生或消除表观遗传标记的酶系统通常是保守的,但也有一些情况下,植物和其他生物之间的表观遗传标记非常不同。DNA甲基化和组蛋白尾部赖氨酸4、9和27位的甲基化是植物和动物中最具特征的表观遗传标记之一。最近的研究极大地提高了我们对这些标记在不同基因组中的模式的了解,并提供了对它们如何建立和维护以及它们如何发挥作用的见解。本文就这四种表观遗传标记的调控途径的保守性和差异性作一综述。
Plant genomes are modified by an array of epigenetic marks that help regulate plant growth and reproduction. Although plants share many epigenetic features with animals and fungi, some epigenetic marks are unique to plants. In different organisms, the same epigenetic mark can play different roles and/or similar functions can be carried out by different epigenetic marks. Furthermore, while the enzymatic systems responsible for generating or eliminating epigenetic marks are often conserved, there are also cases where they are quite divergent between plants and other organisms. DNA methylation and methylation of histone tails on the lysine 4, 9 and 27 positions are among the best characterized epigenetic marks in both plants and animals. Recent studies have greatly enhanced our knowledge about the pattern of these marks in various genomes and provided insights into how they are established and maintained and how they function. This review focuses on the conservation and divergence of the pathways that mediate these four types of epigenetic marks.
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