Investigating the operation of the affect heuristic: is it an associative construct?

Investigating the operation of the affect heuristic: is it an associative construct?
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研究情感启发式的运作:它是一个联想结构吗?

DOI:
10.1080/13669877.2013.808687
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
5.1
通讯作者:
Townsend E
Townsend E
中科院分区:
管理学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Townsend E

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情感在风险认知和风险决策中具有核心重要性,情感启发式是与此相关的一个非常有影响力的结构。我们研究了这种启发式是否在处理的联想水平上操作,尽管有很多理论,但缺乏关于这个问题的经验证据。我们比较了情感启发式任务的性能与性能建立内隐联想任务。参与者(n= 151)完成了明确的态度和风险措施,和五个实验任务(三个去/不去协会任务(GNAT),启动任务和时间压力影响启发式任务)。一个修改后的“风险效益”GNAT提供了一个快速模拟的影响启发式任务,相当于评价GNAT的反应模式和认知努力。影响启发式任务绩效与内隐任务绩效无关。评价性GNAT与风险收益GNAT(快速情感启发式任务)不相关。然而,影响启发式的任务表现是密切相关的,显着预测,明确的情感态度和明确的风险措施表明,这种启发式可能主要反映审议,而不是联想处理。研究结果与这个重要的心理结构在联想层面上运作的概念相矛盾。然而,从本研究中可以得出的结论是有限的内隐态度的措施在这里使用。在未来的研究中,这将是可取的,使用不同的措施,内隐协会,例如单类别内隐协会任务,进一步询问内操作的影响启发式的过程。
Affect is of central importance in risk perception and risky decision-making, and the affect heuristic is a very influential construct developed in relation to this. We examined whether this heuristic operates at an associative level of processing as, despite much theorising, empirical evidence on this issue is lacking. We compared affective heuristic task performance with performance on established implicit association tasks. Participants (n= 151) completed explicit attitude and risk measures, and five experimental tasks (three Go/No-Go Association Tasks (GNAT), a priming task and a time-pressured affect heuristic task). A modified ‘risk-benefit’ GNAT provided a speeded analogue of the affect heuristic task which was equivalent to the evaluative GNAT in terms of response mode and cognitive effort. Affect heuristic task performance was not associated with implicit task performance. The evaluative GNAT did not correlate with the risk-benefit GNAT (speeded affect heuristic task). However, affect heuristic task performance was strongly associated with, and significantly predicted by, explicit affective attitude and explicit risk measures suggesting that this heuristic may primarily reflect deliberative rather than associative processing. Findings contradict the (much cited) notion that this important psychological construct operates at an associative level. However, the conclusions that can be drawn from this study are limited by the implicit attitude measures used here. In future research, it would be desirable to use different measures of implicit associations, e.g. the Single-Category Implicit Association task, to further interrogate the processes operating within the affect heuristic.
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