The power of Trump-speak: populist crisis narratives and ontological security
The power of Trump-speak: populist crisis narratives and ontological security
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特朗普言论的力量：民粹主义危机叙事和本体论安全
DOI：
10.1080/09557571.2019.1575796
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Homolar A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Homolar A
对于大多数观察人士来说，唐纳德·特朗普当选美国第45任总统令人震惊。这被广泛地重塑为美国公众对政治精英的长期不满和对更广泛的社会经济状况的根深蒂固的失望的结果。我们认为，特朗普竞选团队的成功还源于它有效地使用了一种情绪激动的、反建制的危机叙事。借助政治心理学的洞察力，我们通过对特朗普在2016年 美国总统竞选期间的沟通工具包进行定量和定性的内容分析，研究了支撑特朗普演讲有效性的社会语言机制。我们表明，他的领导权合法化主张在很大程度上依赖于“危机谈话”，这让他的听众陷入了没有什么可失去的失落框架，并解释了为什么“危机谈话”会影响政治行为。正如我们所展示的那样，政治代理人讲述的危机故事同时在美国公众中灌输了本体论的不安全感，并将他们的焦虑转化为信心，即叙述者的政策议程是恢复正常的道路。通过这些修辞机制，特朗普竞选团队操纵了个人的本体论(In)安全，将其作为更广泛的社会层面上安抚人心的政治工具。
For most observers, the election of Donald Trump as the 45th president of the United States (US) came as a shock. This has been widely recast as the culmination of the American public’s long-standing dissatisfaction with the political elite and deep-seated frustrations with broader socio-economic conditions. We argue that the Trump campaign’s success also stemmed from its effective use of an emotionally charged, anti-establishment crisis narrative. With insights from political psychology, we examine the socio-linguistic mechanisms that underlie the effectiveness of ‘Trump-speak’ through both quantitative and qualitative content analysis of Trump’s communications toolkit during the 2016 US presidential election campaign. We show that his leadership legitimation claims rest significantly upon ‘crisis talk’ that puts his audience in a loss frame with nothing to lose and explain why ‘crisis talk’ impacts on political behaviour. As we demonstrate, the crisis stories that political agents tell simultaneously instil ontological insecurity among the American public and serve to transform their anxiety into confidence that the narrator’s policy agendas are the route back to ‘normality’. Through these rhetorical mechanisms, the Trump campaign manipulated individuals’ ontological (in)security as a tool in the politics of reassurance at the broader, societal level.
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