CaMKII in cerebral ischemia.

CaMKII in cerebral ischemia.
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DOI:
10.1038/aps.2011.68
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发表时间:
2011-07
影响因子:
8.2
通讯作者:
Bayer, K. Ulrich
Bayer, K. Ulrich
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Coultrap, Steven J.;Vest, Rebekah S.;Ashpole, Nicole M.;Hudmon, Andy;Bayer, K. Ulrich

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对神经元的缺血性损伤触发过度的病理性谷氨酸释放,导致Ca 2+过载,导致神经元细胞死亡(兴奋性毒性)。Ca 2 +/钙调素(CaM)依赖性蛋白激酶II(CaMKII)是神经元可塑性和学习的生理兴奋性谷氨酸信号的主要介质。谷氨酸刺激触发CaMKII在T286的自磷酸化,这是一个使激酶“自主”(部分活性独立于Ca 2+刺激)的过程,并且是突触可塑性形式所需的。最近的研究表明,自主的CaMKII活性也作为潜在的药物靶点,损伤后的神经保护,无论是在神经元培养谷氨酸损伤后,在体内局灶性脑缺血。然而,CaMKII和CaM激酶家族的其他成员已经涉及神经元死亡和存活的调节。在这里,我们讨论了过去的研究结果和可能的机制,钙调素激酶的功能兴奋性毒性和脑缺血,重点是钙调素激酶II及其调节。
Ischemic insults on neurons trigger excessive, pathological glutamate release that causes Ca2+ overload resulting in neuronal cell death (excitotoxicity). The Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a major mediator of physiological excitatory glutamate signals underlying neuronal plasticity and learning. Glutamate stimuli trigger autophosphorylation of CaMKII at T286, a process that makes the kinase “autonomous” (partially active independent from Ca2+ stimulation) and that is required for forms of synaptic plasticity. Recent studies suggested autonomous CaMKII activity also as potential drug target for post-insult neuroprotection, both after glutamate insults in neuronal cultures and after focal cerebral ischemia in vivo. However, CaMKII and other members of the CaM kinase family have been implicated in regulation of both neuronal death and survival. Here, we discuss past findings and possible mechanisms of CaM kinase functions in excitotoxicity and cerebral ischemia, with a focus on CaMKII and its regulation.
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