Cerebral hemodynamics of the aging brain: risk of Alzheimer disease and benefit of aerobic exercise.
Cerebral hemodynamics of the aging brain: risk of Alzheimer disease and benefit of aerobic exercise.
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DOI：
10.3389/fphys.2014.00006
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Zhang R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tarumi T;Zhang R
阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer disease，AD）和脑血管病常与高龄并存。越来越多的证据表明，血管疾病及其危险因素的存在会增加AD的风险，这表明潜在的病理生理机制可能存在重叠。特别是，动脉粥样硬化、内皮功能障碍和中央弹性动脉硬化已被证明与AD相关。目前，还没有有效的治疗和预防AD的方法。血管危险因素可以通过药物或生活方式干预来改变。在这方面，习惯性有氧运动因其对大脑结构和认知功能的益处而越来越受到认可。考虑到定期有氧运动对血管健康的好处，与运动相关的大脑结构和认知功能的改善可能是由血管适应介导的。在这篇综述中，我们将介绍目前的证据，血管健康改变老化大脑的结构和功能完整性的生理机制，以及如何改善血管健康，通过定期有氧运动，可能有利于认知功能。
Alzheimer disease (AD) and cerebrovascular disease often coexist with advanced age. Mounting evidence indicates that the presence of vascular disease and its risk factors increase the risk of AD, suggesting a potential overlap of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. In particular, atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, and stiffening of central elastic arteries have been shown to associate with AD. Currently, there are no effective treatments for the cure and prevention of AD. Vascular risk factors are modifiable via either pharmacological or lifestyle intervention. In this regard, habitual aerobic exercise is increasingly recognized for its benefits on brain structure and cognitive function. Considering the well-established benefits of regular aerobic exercise on vascular health, exercise-related improvements in brain structure and cognitive function may be mediated by vascular adaptations. In this review, we will present the current evidence for the physiological mechanisms by which vascular health alters the structural and functional integrity of the aging brain and how improvements in vascular health, via regular aerobic exercise, potentially benefits cognitive function.
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