Sparse Robot Swarms: Moving Swarms to Real-World Applications.

Sparse Robot Swarms: Moving Swarms to Real-World Applications.
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DOI:
10.3389/frobt.2020.00083
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Zauner KP
Zauner KP
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tarapore D;Groß R;Zauner KP

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机器人群是一组机器人,每个机器人只根据局部感知和与邻近机器人的协调自主行动。虽然目前的集群实现规模很大(例如,1000个机器人),但它们通常局限于在高度控制的室内环境中工作。此外,蜂群的一个共同特性是潜在的假设,即机器人彼此靠近(例如,相距10个身长),并且通常采用不间断的、定位的、近距离的通信来协调。然而,许多现实世界的应用,包括环境监测和精准农业,都需要可扩展的机器人群体在很远的距离(例如,1000个身体长度)上共同行动,这使得使用密集的群体变得不切实际。在这类应用程序中使用密集集群会对环境造成破坏,在任务部署、维护和任务后恢复方面也不现实。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了稀疏群的概念,并举例说明了它在四种应用场景中的使用。在一个场景中,需要一组漫游车穿越并监测森林环境,我们确定了开发稀疏群集所涉及的各个层面的挑战——从硬件平台到通信受限的协调算法——并讨论了可能的解决方案。我们概述了理论和实践性质的开放性问题,我们希望这将使稀疏群体的概念实现。
Robot swarms are groups of robots that each act autonomously based on only local perception and coordination with neighboring robots. While current swarm implementations can be large in size (e.g., 1,000 robots), they are typically constrained to working in highly controlled indoor environments. Moreover, a common property of swarms is the underlying assumption that the robots act in close proximity of each other (e.g., 10 body lengths apart), and typically employ uninterrupted, situated, close-range communication for coordination. Many real world applications, including environmental monitoring and precision agriculture, however, require scalable groups of robots to act jointly over large distances (e.g., 1,000 body lengths), rendering the use of dense swarms impractical. Using a dense swarm for such applications would be invasive to the environment and unrealistic in terms of mission deployment, maintenance and post-mission recovery. To address this problem, we propose the sparse swarm concept, and illustrate its use in the context of four application scenarios. For one scenario, which requires a group of rovers to traverse, and monitor, a forest environment, we identify the challenges involved at all levels in developing a sparse swarm—from the hardware platform to communication-constrained coordination algorithms—and discuss potential solutions. We outline open questions of theoretical and practical nature, which we hope will bring the concept of sparse swarms to fruition.
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