Population dynamics of threatened elkhorn coral in the northern Florida Keys, USA
Population dynamics of threatened elkhorn coral in the northern Florida Keys, USA
复制标题
美国佛罗里达群岛北部受威胁的鹿角珊瑚的种群动态
DOI：
10.3354/esr00475
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
S. Sandin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tali Vardi;Dana E Williams;S. Sandin
加勒比鹿角珊瑚 Acropora palmata（Lamarck，1816）曾经分布广泛且数量丰富，以至于地质学家利用其化石来测量从更新世到全新世的海平面。现在，它的数量仅为以前的一小部分，并与同类物种一起被美国《濒危物种法》列为“受威胁”物种。我们从 2004 年到 2010 年对北佛罗里达群岛（美国）的人口进行了年度人口调查。在整个研究期间，底栖生物的覆盖率、群体数量和大型个体的优势都在下降。我们为研究的每个年度间隔创建了人口矩阵模型，其中包括严重飓风年（2005-2006）。随机模拟飓风复发以及多种外植场景。如果严重飓风的复发时间为 20 年或更短，预计人口将减少。弹性分析表明，最大的个体对种群规模变化率的贡献最大。通过外植进行积极管理可以在短期内提供积极的种群轨迹，特别是如果在移植前将菌落培育数年的话。然而，该物种以前的丰富程度表明，背景生活史特征，特别是本文测量的生长率与收缩率，与过去的情况有根本不同。最终，该物种的恢复将取决于制定当地短期管理解决方案，同时改善区域和全球环境条件。
Caribbean elkhorn coral Acropora palmata (Lamarck, 1816) was once so widespread and abundant that geologists use its fossils to measure sea levels from the Pleistocene through the Holocene. Now it exists at a small fraction of its former abundance and is listed, along with a con- gener, as 'threatened' under the US Endangered Species Act. We conducted annual demographic surveys on the northern Florida Keys (USA) population from 2004 to 2010. Percent cover of the benthos, number of colonies, and dominance by large individuals declined throughout the study period. We created population matrix models for each annual interval of the study, which included a severe hurricane year (2005-2006). Hurricane recurrence was simulated stochastically along with multiple outplanting scenarios. Population depletion is predicted given a return time for severe hurricanes of 20 yr or less. Elasticity analysis showed that the largest individuals have the greatest contribution to the rate of change in population size. Active management through out- planting can provide a positive population trajectory over the short term, especially if colonies are reared for several years before transplanting. However, the former abundance of this species sug- gests that background life history traits, specifically rates of growth versus shrinkage measured herein, are fundamentally different from what they must have been in the past. Ultimately, recov- ery of this species will depend on enacting local short-term management solutions while improv- ing regional and global environmental conditions.
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Harvell, CD;Kim, K;Vasta, GR
通讯作者：
Vasta, GR