A new integrated method of GNSS and MODIS measurements for tropospheric water vapor tomography
A new integrated method of GNSS and MODIS measurements for tropospheric water vapor tomography
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一种新的对流层水汽层析成像 GNSS 和 MODIS 测量集成方法
DOI：
10.1007/s10291-021-01114-1
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发表时间：
2021-03
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Xin Liu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wenyuan Zhang;Shubi Zhang;Nanshan Zheng;Nan Ding;Xin Liu
摘要：全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）层析成像已证明其潜在的三维（3D）大气水蒸气的分布感测。虽然标准的层析成像模型已经有所改进，但GNSS获取的几何缺陷仍然是一个关键问题，因此成为本研究的重点。由于中分辨率成像光谱仪（MODIS）的高分辨率可降水量（PWV）aps的可用性，GNSS和MODIS测量对流层层析成像系统的集成，并讨论了解决这个问题。提出了一种基于节点层析成像模型的MODIS信号处理方法，克服了标准体素模型在融合MODIS观测数据方面的不足。基于徐州地区的MODIS数据和GNSS同步观测数据，实施了三个实验方案来验证所提出的方法。结果表明，新交叉体素的平均数量（即，仅由MODIS信号穿孔）从顶层中的2增加到第一层中的24。因此，总的交叉体素的平均数从272增加到447，这突出了通过空体素的MODIS观测的贡献。此外，将MODIS信号合并后，层析观测方程的平均数量增加了35.71%。通过对探空资料的二维水汽廓线和ERA 5资料的三维水汽廓线的分析，验证了该方法的有效性。值得注意的是，当使用所提出的方法，平均均方根误差（RMSE）的2D层析轮廓的值约为1.06 g/m3和3D水蒸气分布的整体精度降低了。30.40%。二维和三维验证表明，新的集成方法，以优化层析水汽场的令人满意的性能。
Abstract.Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) tomography has proved its potential for sensing the three-dimensional (3D) distribution of atmospheric water vapor. Although the standard tomography model has improved, the geometry defect of GNSS acquisition remains a key problem and thus becomes the focus of this research. Thanks to the availability of high-resolution Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) precipitable water vapor (PWV) aps, the integration of GNSS and MODIS measurements for tropospheric tomography system is introduced and discussed to address this problem. A methodology based on the node tomography model is developed to exploit the MODIS signals, which overcomes the disadvantage of the standard voxel model in combining the MODIS observations. Three experimental schemes based on MODIS data and simultaneous GNSS observations over the Xuzhou area are implemented to validate the proposed approach. The results show that the mean number of newly crossed voxels (i.e., punctured only by the MODIS signals) increases from 2 in the top layer to 24 in the first layer. Consequently, the average number of total crossed voxels is increased from 272 to 447,.which highlights the contribution of the MODIS observations to pass through the empty voxels. Besides, the mean number of tomographic observation quations is enhanced by 35.71% when the MODIS signals are combined. Two-dimensional (2D) profiles of water vapor from radiosonde and 3D distributions of it from ERA5 data are considered to validate the proposed method. It is noted that when using the proposed approach, the mean root-mean-square error (RMSE) of the 2D tomographic profiles is decreased by a value of about 1.06 g/m3 and the overall accuracy of the 3D water vapor distribution is improved by.30.40%. Both the 2D and 3D validations demonstrate the satisfactory performance of the new integrated method to optimize the tomographic water vapor field.
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