Revision of visual impairment definitions in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases.
Revision of visual impairment definitions in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases.
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在国际疾病统计分类中的视觉障碍定义修订。
DOI：
10.1186/1741-7015-4-7
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发表时间：
2006-03-16
期刊：
影响因子：
9.3
通讯作者：
Dandona R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dandona L;Dandona R
《国际疾病统计分类》中视力障碍的现有定义是基于30多年前提出的建议。在此期间积累的与视力障碍有关的新数据和知识表明，这些定义需要修订。在修订这些定义时需要解决三个主要问题。首先，现有的定义是基于最佳矫正视力，这排除了未矫正的屈光不正作为视力损害的原因，导致大大低估了约38%的总视力损害负担。第二，在国际疾病统计分类中，视力较好的眼睛的视力低于3/60是界定失明的视力障碍临界水平，但随着人类发展的不断提高，视力要求也在提高，这表明应使用低于6/60的水平来界定失明。第三，《国际疾病统计分类》使用“低视力”一词表示低于失明的视力损害程度，这与该词通常用于需要辅助或康复的无法矫正的视力造成混淆，这表明中度和轻度视力损害等替代术语更适合于比失明严重程度低的视力损害。我们建议修订《国际疾病统计分类》中关于视力障碍的定义，以解决这三个问题。根据这些修订的定义，世界上视力较佳的一只眼睛的视力低于6/60的盲人人数约为5 700万人，而世界卫生组织根据现有的国际疾病统计分类定义，即视力较佳的一只眼睛的最佳矫正视力低于3/60，估计为3 700万人，世界上中度视力受损（定义为较好眼睛的视力低于6/18至6/60）的人数约为2.02亿，而世界卫生组织估计，低视力（定义为最佳矫正视力低于6/18至3/18）的人数为1.24亿。60、最好的眼睛我们建议修订《国际疾病统计分类》中的视力损害定义，考虑到对视力损害的理解方面的进展。与《国际疾病统计分类》中的现有分类相比，这一修订后的分类似乎更适合于估计和跟踪世界各国和各区域的视力损害情况。
The existing definitions of visual impairment in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases are based on recommendations made over 30 years ago. New data and knowledge related to visual impairment that have accumulated over this period suggest that these definitions need to be revised. Three major issues need to be addressed in the revision of these definitions. First, the existing definitions are based on best-corrected visual acuity, which exclude uncorrected refractive error as a cause of visual impairment, leading to substantial underestimation of the total visual impairment burden by about 38%. Second, the cut-off level of visual impairment to define blindness in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases is visual acuity less than 3/60 in the better eye, but with increasing human development the visual acuity requirements are also increasing, suggesting that a level less than 6/60 be used to define blindness. Third, the International Statistical Classification of Diseases uses the term 'low vision' for visual impairment level less than blindness, which causes confusion with the common use of this term for uncorrectable vision requiring aids or rehabilitation, suggesting that alternative terms such as moderate and mild visual impairment would be more appropriate for visual impairment less severe than blindness. We propose a revision of the definitions of visual impairment in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases that addresses these three issues. According to these revised definitions, the number of blind persons in the world defined as presenting visual acuity less than 6/60 in the better eye would be about 57 million as compared with the World Health Organization estimate of 37 million using the existing International Statistical Classification of Diseases definition of best-corrected visual acuity less than 3/60 in the better eye, and the number of persons in the world with moderate visual impairment defined as presenting visual acuity less than 6/18 to 6/60 in the better eye would be about 202 million as compared with the World Health Organization estimate of 124 million persons with low vision defined as best-corrected visual acuity less than 6/18 to 3/60 in the better eye. Our suggested revision of the visual impairment definitions in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases takes into account advances in the understanding of visual impairment. This revised classification seems more appropriate for estimating and tracking visual impairment in the countries and regions of the world than the existing classification in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases.
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在国际疾病统计分类中的视觉障碍定义修订。
影响因子：
9.3
作者：
Dandona L;Dandona R
通讯作者：
Dandona R
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Fouad, D;Mousa, A;Courtright, P
通讯作者：
Courtright, P
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Courtright, P;Hoeshcmann, A;Katz, J
通讯作者：
Katz, J
影响因子：
13.7
作者：
VanNewkirk, MR;Weih, L;Taylor, HR
通讯作者：
Taylor, HR
影响因子：
13.7
作者：
Laitinen, A;Koskinen, S;Aromaa, A
通讯作者：
Aromaa, A