Expert financial advice neurobiologically "Offloads" financial decision-making under risk.
Expert financial advice neurobiologically "Offloads" financial decision-making under risk.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0004957
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发表时间：
2009
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Berns GS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Engelmann JB;Capra CM;Noussair C;Berns GS
在不确定的时期，通常会寻求专家的财务建议。虽然神经经济学领域在理解风险决策的神经生物学基础方面取得了相当大的进展，但在决策过程中整合外部信息（如建议）的神经机制却知之甚少。在当前的实验中，我们研究了风险下专家建议对财务决策影响的神经生物学基础。在接受功能磁共振成像扫描时，参与者在一定的付款和彩票之间做出了一系列的财务选择。在两种情况下做出选择：1）来自财务专家的关于做出哪个选择的建议被显示（MES条件）;以及2）没有建议被显示（NOM条件）。行为结果显示专家建议的显著效果。具体而言，概率加权函数的方向改变了专家的意见。这是由神经激活模式决定的。在没有专家建议（NOM）的情况下，在顶内沟、后扣带皮层、楔叶、楔前叶、额下回和颞中回中获得了与估值（彩票/肯定赢的值的参数调制）显着相关的脑激活。值得注意的是，在存在建议（MES）的情况下，没有获得与价值的显著相关性。这些发现得到了感兴趣区域分析的证实。神经等效的概率加权函数表现出显着平坦的MES相比，NOM的条件下，与概率加权相关的区域，包括前扣带皮层，背外侧PFC，丘脑，内侧枕回和前额叶皮层。最后，在MES条件下，颞顶交界处和内侧PFC的显着激活。这些结果支持了这样一个假设，即专家建议的一个效果是“卸载”个人大脑对决策选项价值的计算。
Financial advice from experts is commonly sought during times of uncertainty. While the field of neuroeconomics has made considerable progress in understanding the neurobiological basis of risky decision-making, the neural mechanisms through which external information, such as advice, is integrated during decision-making are poorly understood. In the current experiment, we investigated the neurobiological basis of the influence of expert advice on financial decisions under risk. While undergoing fMRI scanning, participants made a series of financial choices between a certain payment and a lottery. Choices were made in two conditions: 1) advice from a financial expert about which choice to make was displayed (MES condition); and 2) no advice was displayed (NOM condition). Behavioral results showed a significant effect of expert advice. Specifically, probability weighting functions changed in the direction of the expert's advice. This was paralleled by neural activation patterns. Brain activations showing significant correlations with valuation (parametric modulation by value of lottery/sure win) were obtained in the absence of the expert's advice (NOM) in intraparietal sulcus, posterior cingulate cortex, cuneus, precuneus, inferior frontal gyrus and middle temporal gyrus. Notably, no significant correlations with value were obtained in the presence of advice (MES). These findings were corroborated by region of interest analyses. Neural equivalents of probability weighting functions showed significant flattening in the MES compared to the NOM condition in regions associated with probability weighting, including anterior cingulate cortex, dorsolateral PFC, thalamus, medial occipital gyrus and anterior insula. Finally, during the MES condition, significant activations in temporoparietal junction and medial PFC were obtained. These results support the hypothesis that one effect of expert advice is to “offload” the calculation of value of decision options from the individual's brain.
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