Executive functions.
Executive functions.
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DOI：
10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143750
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
24.8
通讯作者：
Diamond A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Diamond A
Executive functions (EFs) make possible mentally playing with ideas; taking the time to think before acting; meeting novel, unanticipated challenges; resisting temptations; and staying focused. Core EFs are inhibition [response inhibition (self-control—resisting temptations and resisting acting impulsively) and interference control (selective attention and cognitive inhibition)], working memory, and cognitive flexibility (including creatively thinking “outside the box,” seeing anything from different perspectives, and quickly and flexibly adapting to changed circumstances). The developmental progression and representative measures of each are discussed. Controversies are addressed (e.g., the relation between EFs and fluid intelligence, self-regulation, executive attention, and effortful control, and the relation between working memory and inhibition and attention). The importance of social, emotional, and physical health for cognitive health is discussed because stress, lack of sleep, loneliness, or lack of exercise each impair EFs. That EFs are trainable and can be improved with practice is addressed, including diverse methods tried thus far.
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DOI：
10.1196/annals.1412.011
发表时间：
2007-01-01
期刊：
SOCIAL COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE OF ORGANIZATIONS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bailey, Charles E.
通讯作者：
Bailey, Charles E.
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Baldo, JV;Shimamura, AP
通讯作者：
Shimamura, AP
影响因子：
10.6
作者：
Aron, Adam R.
通讯作者：
Aron, Adam R.
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Alloway, TP;Gathercole, SE;Adams, AM
通讯作者：
Adams, AM
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Blair, Clancy;Diamond, Adele
通讯作者：
Diamond, Adele