A vaccine targeting resistant tumours by dual T cell plus NK cell attack.

A vaccine targeting resistant tumours by dual T cell plus NK cell attack.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41586-022-04772-4
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发表时间:
2022-06
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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--
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大多数癌症疫苗以肽抗原为目标,由于向 T 细胞呈递肽的主要组织相容性复合体 (MHC) 分子存在巨大的个体间多样性,因此需要个性化。此外,肿瘤经常通过干扰肽呈递的机制逃避 T 细胞介导的免疫。在这里,我们报道了一种癌症疫苗,它能诱导不同 T 细胞和自然杀伤 (NK) 细胞群的协同攻击。该疫苗针对的是许多人类癌症因 DNA 损伤而表达的 MICA 和 MICB (MICA/B) 应激蛋白。 MICA/B 作为 T 细胞和 NK 细胞上激活 NKG2D 受体的配体,但肿瘤通过蛋白水解 MICA/B 裂解来逃避免疫识别。疫苗诱导的抗体通过抑制蛋白水解脱落来增加肿瘤细胞表面 MICA/B 蛋白的密度,增强树突状细胞向 T 细胞呈递肿瘤抗原,并增强 NK 细胞的细胞毒功能。值得注意的是,该疫苗通过 NK 细胞和 CD4+ T 细胞的协调作用,保持了对细胞毒性 T 细胞耐药的 MHC I 类缺陷肿瘤的功效。该疫苗在临床重要环境中也有效:手术切除原发性高度转移性肿瘤后进行免疫可抑制随后的转移瘤生长。这种疫苗设计甚至能够针对具有常见逃逸突变的肿瘤提供保护性免疫。
Most cancer vaccines target peptide antigens, necessitating personalization owing to the vast inter-individual diversity in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules that present peptides to T cells. Furthermore, tumours frequently escape T cell-mediated immunity through mechanisms that interfere with peptide presentation. Here we report a cancer vaccine that induces a coordinated attack by diverse T cell and natural killer (NK) cell populations. The vaccine targets the MICA and MICB (MICA/B) stress proteins expressed by many human cancers as a result of DNA damage. MICA/B serve as ligands for the activating NKG2D receptor on T cells and NK cells, but tumours evade immune recognition by proteolytic MICA/B cleavage. Vaccine-induced antibodies increase the density of MICA/B proteins on the surface of tumour cells by inhibiting proteolytic shedding, enhance presentation of tumour antigens by dendritic cells to T cells and augment the cytotoxic function of NK cells. Notably, this vaccine maintains efficacy against MHC class I-deficient tumours resistant to cytotoxic T cells through the coordinated action of NK cells and CD4+ T cells. The vaccine is also efficacious in a clinically important setting: immunization following surgical removal of primary, highly metastatic tumours inhibits the later outgrowth of metastases. This vaccine design enables protective immunity even against tumours with common escape mutations.
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发表时间: 2018-03-30
期刊: Science (New York, N.Y.)
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发表时间: 2019-04-18
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DOI: 10.1126/science.285.5428.727
发表时间: 1999-07-30
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影响因子: 56.9
作者:
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