The relative importance of plant-soil feedbacks for plant-species performance increases with decreasing intensity of herbivory

The relative importance of plant-soil feedbacks for plant-species performance increases with decreasing intensity of herbivory
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植物-土壤反馈对植物物种性能的相对重要性随着食草强度的降低而增加

DOI:
10.1007/s00442-019-04442-9
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
影响因子:
2.7
通讯作者:
Bezemer
Bezemer
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Heinze;Simons;Seibold;Wacker;Weithoff. G;Gossner;Bezemer

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在自然条件下,地上食草和植物-土壤反馈(PSF)是无处不在的相互作用,强烈影响个体植物的性能。虽然最近的研究表明,地上昆虫食草通常会影响 PSF 的结果,但没有研究测试食草强度对结果的影响程度。然而,这对于估计 PSF 对田间自然条件下植物性能的贡献至关重要。在这里,我们测试了九个草原中四种常见草种在接触和不接触地上食草动物的情况下的 PSF 效应,这些草原形成了地上无脊椎动物食草动物的梯度。如果没有地上食草动物,九个草原中四种草种的 PSF 在方向和大小上都相似。然而,在食草动物存在的情况下,PSF 与排除食草动物时测量的值不同,并且取决于食草动物的强度。在低食草水平下,有无食草动物时 PSF 相似,但在高食草水平下则不同。虽然没有食草动物的 PSF 在食草强度梯度上保持相似,但在食草动物存在的情况下,增加食草强度主要导致中性 PSF。这表明 PSF 对草原群落植物物种表现的相对重要性随着食草强度的增加而降低。因此,在食草动物压力较低的生态系统中,PSF 对于植物性能可能比在食草动物影响较大的生态系统中更重要。
Under natural conditions, aboveground herbivory and plant-soil feedbacks (PSFs) are omnipresent interactions strongly affecting individual plant performance. While recent research revealed that aboveground insect herbivory generally impacts the outcome of PSFs, no study tested to what extent the intensity of herbivory affects the outcome. This, however, is essential to estimate the contribution of PSFs to plant performance under natural conditions in the field. Here, we tested PSF effects both with and without exposure to aboveground herbivory for four common grass species in nine grasslands that formed a gradient of aboveground invertebrate herbivory. Without aboveground herbivores, PSFs for each of the four grass species were similar in each of the nine grasslands—both in direction and in magnitude. In the presence of herbivores, however, the PSFs differed from those measured under herbivory exclusion, and depended on the intensity of herbivory. At low levels of herbivory, PSFs were similar in the presence and absence of herbivores, but differed at high herbivory levels. While PSFs without herbivores remained similar along the gradient of herbivory intensity, increasing herbivory intensity mostly resulted in neutral PSFs in the presence of herbivores. This suggests that the relative importance of PSFs for plant-species performance in grassland communities decreases with increasing intensity of herbivory. Hence, PSFs might be more important for plant performance in ecosystems with low herbivore pressure than in ecosystems with large impacts of insect herbivores.
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