ALK ligand ALKAL2 potentiates MYCN-driven neuroblastoma in the absence of ALK mutation.

ALK ligand ALKAL2 potentiates MYCN-driven neuroblastoma in the absence of ALK mutation.
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DOI:
10.15252/embj.2020105784
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发表时间:
2021-02-01
期刊:
The EMBO journal
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Palmer RH
Palmer RH
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Borenäs M;Umapathy G;Lai WY;Lind DE;Witek B;Guan J;Mendoza-Garcia P;Masudi T;Claeys A;Chuang TP;El Wakil A;Arefin B;Fransson S;Koster J;Johansson M;Gaarder J;Van den Eynden J;Hallberg B;Palmer RH

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高危神经母细胞瘤(NB)是导致儿童因癌症死亡的不成比例的原因。高风险NB的一个指标是神经MYC(MYCN)癌基因的扩增,这是目前治疗上难以解决的问题。将间变性淋巴瘤激酶(ALK)鉴定为NB致癌基因,增加了使用ALK酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKI)治疗ALK激活突变患者的可能性。8-10%的原发性NB患者为ALK阳性,这一数字在复发人群中有所增加。ALK由位于染色体2 p上的ALKAL 2配体激活,沿着与ALK和MYCN一起位于与NB相关的“2 p-增益”区域。尚未解决NB中ALK配体的失调,尽管描述的第一个癌基因之一是与PDGF具有> 90%同源性的v-sis。因此,我们测试了ALKAL 2配体是否可以在不存在ALK突变的情况下增强NB进展。我们发现,在不存在ALK突变的情况下,小鼠中的ALKAL 2过表达驱动ALK TKI敏感性NB,这表明其他NB患者,例如表现出2 p增益的患者,可能从基于ALK TKI的治疗干预中获益。ALKAL 2失调促进ALK受体酪氨酸激酶信号传导,并驱动ALK依赖性癌症,无论致癌突变如何。
High‐risk neuroblastoma (NB) is responsible for a disproportionate number of childhood deaths due to cancer. One indicator of high‐risk NB is amplification of the neural MYC (MYCN) oncogene, which is currently therapeutically intractable. Identification of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) as an NB oncogene raised the possibility of using ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in treatment of patients with activating ALK mutations. 8–10% of primary NB patients are ALK‐positive, a figure that increases in the relapsed population. ALK is activated by the ALKAL2 ligand located on chromosome 2p, along with ALK and MYCN, in the “2p‐gain” region associated with NB. Dysregulation of ALK ligand in NB has not been addressed, although one of the first oncogenes described was v‐sis that shares > 90% homology with PDGF. Therefore, we tested whether ALKAL2 ligand could potentiate NB progression in the absence of ALK mutation. We show that ALKAL2 overexpression in mice drives ALK TKI‐sensitive NB in the absence of ALK mutation, suggesting that additional NB patients, such as those exhibiting 2p‐gain, may benefit from ALK TKI‐based therapeutic intervention. ALKAL2 misregulation facilitates ALK receptor tyrosine kinase signaling and drives ALK‐dependent cancer irrespective of oncogenic mutations.
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