SARS-CoV ORF1b-encoded nonstructural proteins 12-16: replicative enzymes as antiviral targets.

SARS-CoV ORF1b-encoded nonstructural proteins 12-16: replicative enzymes as antiviral targets.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.11.006
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发表时间:
2014-01
期刊:
影响因子:
7.6
通讯作者:
Canard B
Canard B
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Subissi L;Imbert I;Ferron F;Collet A;Coutard B;Decroly E;Canard B

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本文对冠状病毒Orf1b酶的研究进展进行了综述。它被组织在RNA合成,RNA降解和RNA盖帽部分。它讨论了将这些功能整合到冠状病毒复制/转录复合体中。它回顾了已发表的这些功能的抑制剂。十年前由SARS冠状病毒(SARS- cov)引起的SARS(严重急性呼吸系统综合症)大流行,刺激了一系列关于冠状病毒分子生物学的研究。这项研究为冠状病毒复制转录复合体(RTC)的许多机制提供了重要的新见解。RTC指导和协调过程,以复制和转录冠状病毒基因组,这是一种长度惊人的单链正义RNA(~ 27-32千碱基)。在这里,我们回顾了ORF1b中编码的SARS-CoV复制酶的最新知识,即主要的RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶(nsp12),解旋酶/三磷酸酶(nsp13),两种不常见的核糖核酸酶(nsp14, nsp15)和RNA-帽甲基转移酶(nsp14, nsp16)。我们还回顾了这些酶如何与其他病毒辅助因子(nsp7、nsp8和nsp10)合作来调节它们的活性。过去十年对sars冠状病毒的研究在很大程度上有助于揭示RNA病毒世界中最迷人的复制/转录机制之一的结构和功能细节。本文是《抗病毒研究》系列特邀文章的一部分,题为“从SARS到MERS:高致病性人类冠状病毒的10年研究”。
This paper presents an in-depth review of coronavirus Orf1b enzymes. It is organized in sections on RNA synthesis, RNA degradation, and RNA capping. It discusses integration of these functions into the coronavirus replication/transcription complex. It reviews published inhibitors of any of these functions. The SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) pandemic caused ten years ago by the SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) has stimulated a number of studies on the molecular biology of coronaviruses. This research has provided significant new insight into many mechanisms used by the coronavirus replication-transcription complex (RTC). The RTC directs and coordinates processes in order to replicate and transcribe the coronavirus genome, a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA of outstanding length (∼27–32 kilobases). Here, we review the up-to-date knowledge on SARS-CoV replicative enzymes encoded in the ORF1b, i.e., the main RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (nsp12), the helicase/triphosphatase (nsp13), two unusual ribonucleases (nsp14, nsp15) and RNA-cap methyltransferases (nsp14, nsp16). We also review how these enzymes co-operate with other viral co-factors (nsp7, nsp8, and nsp10) to regulate their activity. These last ten years of research on SARS-CoV have considerably contributed to unravel structural and functional details of one of the most fascinating replication/transcription machineries of the RNA virus world. This paper forms part of a series of invited articles in Antiviral Research on “From SARS to MERS: 10 years of research on highly pathogenic human coronaviruses”.
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