Phosphorylcholine and KR12-Containing Corneal Implants in HSV-1-Infected Rabbit Corneas.

Phosphorylcholine and KR12-Containing Corneal Implants in HSV-1-Infected Rabbit Corneas.
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DOI:
10.3390/pharmaceutics15061658
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发表时间:
2023-06-05
期刊:
影响因子:
5.4
通讯作者:
Griffith M
Griffith M
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Malhotra K;Buznyk O;Islam MM;Edin E;Basu S;Groleau M;Dégué DS;Fagerholm P;Fois A;Lesage S;Jangamreddy JR;Šimoliūnas E;Liszka A;Patra HK;Griffith M

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严重的 HSV-1 感染可因严重炎症造成的组织损伤而导致失明。由于 HSV-1 感染者移植失败的风险很高,因此通常禁止通过角膜移植来恢复视力。我们测试了由重组人 III 型胶原蛋白和 2-甲基丙烯酰氧基乙基磷酸胆碱 (RHCIII-MPC) 制成的无细胞生物合成植入物抑制炎症和促进受损角膜组织再生的能力。为了阻止病毒重新激活,我们掺入了释放 KR12 的二氧化硅纳米颗粒,KR12 是 LL37 的小生物活性核心片段,LL37 是角膜细胞产生的先天阳离子宿主防御肽。 KR12 比 LL37 更具反应性且更小,因此可以将更多 KR12 分子掺入纳米颗粒中进行递送。与具有细胞毒性的 LL37 不同,KR12 对细胞友好,在体外阻断 HSV-1 活性的剂量下几乎没有表现出细胞毒性,而是能够在人上皮细胞培养物中快速闭合伤口。复合植入物在体外释放 KR12 长达 3 周。该植入物还在感染 HSV-1 的兔角膜上进行了体内测试,通过前板层角膜移植术移植。将 KR12 添加到 RHCIII-MPC 中并不会减少 HSV-1 病毒载量或导致新血管形成的炎症。尽管如此,复合植入物足以减少病毒传播,从而在 6 个月的观察期内实现稳定的角膜上皮、基质和神经再生。
Severe HSV-1 infection can cause blindness due to tissue damage from severe inflammation. Due to the high risk of graft failure in HSV-1-infected individuals, cornea transplantation to restore vision is often contraindicated. We tested the capacity for cell-free biosynthetic implants made from recombinant human collagen type III and 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (RHCIII-MPC) to suppress inflammation and promote tissue regeneration in the damaged corneas. To block viral reactivation, we incorporated silica dioxide nanoparticles releasing KR12, the small bioactive core fragment of LL37, an innate cationic host defense peptide produced by corneal cells. KR12 is more reactive and smaller than LL37, so more KR12 molecules can be incorporated into nanoparticles for delivery. Unlike LL37, which was cytotoxic, KR12 was cell-friendly and showed little cytotoxicity at doses that blocked HSV-1 activity in vitro, instead enabling rapid wound closure in cultures of human epithelial cells. Composite implants released KR12 for up to 3 weeks in vitro. The implant was also tested in vivo on HSV-1-infected rabbit corneas where it was grafted by anterior lamellar keratoplasty. Adding KR12 to RHCIII-MPC did not reduce HSV-1 viral loads or the inflammation resulting in neovascularization. Nevertheless, the composite implants reduced viral spread sufficiently to allow stable corneal epithelium, stroma, and nerve regeneration over a 6-month observation period.
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