Exploring How a Generalist Pathogen and Within-Host Priority Effects Alter the Risk of Being Infected by a Specialist Pathogen
Exploring How a Generalist Pathogen and Within-Host Priority Effects Alter the Risk of Being Infected by a Specialist Pathogen
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探索普通病原体和宿主内部优先效应如何改变被特殊病原体感染的风险
DOI：
10.1086/721762
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Cortez, Michael H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jiao, Jing;Cortez, Michael H.
在多宿主-多病原体群落中，一个焦点宿主被特定病原体感染的风险可能会受到其他宿主和病原体物种的影响。我们探讨病原体之间的间接相互作用在宿主内的水平（通过共同感染同一个人）和主机之间的水平（通过改变易感主机密度）影响的焦点主机的感染风险。我们使用SI型流行病学模型的两个主机物种和两个环境传播的病原体，其中一个病原体是一个专家的焦点主机和其他病原体是一个通才。我们发现，单调，单峰，和U形之间的关系的专业和通才的感染性繁殖体密度（代理的焦点主机的感染风险）的方式驱动主机内的优先级影响改变生产的专业感染性繁殖体感染的焦点主机个人。有趣的是，宿主内优先效应也可能导致密度的过度补偿，其中感染宿主死亡率的增加导致更大的专业感染性繁殖体密度。我们解释这些结果的焦点主机的被感染的专家病原体的风险是如何影响的存在下，一个通用的病原体，其替代主机，和主机内的优先级效应。
In multihost-multipathogen communities, a focal host’s risk of being infected by a particular pathogen can be influenced by the presence of other host and pathogen species. We explore how indirect interactions between pathogens at the within-host level (through coinfecting the same individual) and the between-host level (through altered susceptible host densities) affect the focal host’s risk of infection. We use an SI-type epidemiological model of two host species and two environmentally transmitted pathogens where one pathogen is a specialist on the focal host and the other pathogen is a generalist. We show that monotonic, unimodal, and U-shaped relationships between the specialist and generalist infectious propagule densities (proxies of the focal host’s risk of infection) are driven by the way within-host priority effects alter the production of specialist infectious propagules by infected focal host individuals. Interestingly, within-host priority effects can also lead to overcompensation in density wherein increased infected host mortality results in greater specialist infectious propagule density. We interpret these results in terms of how the focal host’s risk of being infected by a specialist pathogen is affected by the presence of a generalist pathogen, its alternative host, and within-host priority effects.
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