How various material resources facilitate science identity work for girls in a research apprenticeship program

How various material resources facilitate science identity work for girls in a research apprenticeship program
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各种物质资源如何促进研究学徒计划中女孩的科学认同工作

DOI:
10.1080/10899995.2019.1700594
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Oxtoby, Laura E.
Oxtoby, Laura E.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Perin, Suzanne M.;Carsten Conner, Laura D.;Oxtoby, Laura E.

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研究学徒等情境学习经历可以帮助女孩接触科学,最终有助于实现科学劳动力中的性别平等。研究学徒期间可用的物质资源(例如研究设备、现场装备等)可能对于建立科学认同特别重要,因为它们丰富且通常具有学科真实性。然而,大多数研究学徒制的社会文化研究都集中在认知观念或社会方面,而不是学习环境的物质方面。本文调查了在针对女孩的以地球科学和生物学为重点的研究学徒计划的背景下,不同类型的科学相关物质资源之间的关联。该研究采用定性方法,利用实践社区、身份资源和身份工作的理论构建来为项目设计和分析提供信息。我们的研究结果强调了仪器、专用服装、标本、文物和科学物理环境与科学相关情感、科学学习和“感觉像科学家”的感觉相交叉的具体方式。结果表明,课堂内外的从业者在与所有学习者(尤其是女孩)合作时,应优先考虑工具的使用。此外,在学习环境中选择的物质资源类型至关重要,因为不同类型的物质资源提供不同类型的身份工作。特别是,使用具有学科真实性的材料,再加上了解科学家如何使用这些相同的仪器,可以帮助女孩“感觉自己像科学家”,这是成为科学学徒的重要组成部分。
Situated learning experiences such as research apprenticeships can help connect girls to the sciences, ultimately helping to achieve gender equity in the science workforce. The material resources available in research apprenticeships—such as research equipment, field gear, etc.—may be particularly consequential for building identification with science, as they are abundant and frequently hold disciplinary authenticity. However, most sociocultural studies of research apprenticeships have focused on cognitive-ideational or social aspects rather than on the material aspects of the learning setting. This paper investigates the association between different types of science-related material resources in the context of a geoscience and biology-focused research apprenticeship program for girls. The study employed a qualitative approach, drawing on theoretical constructs of communities of practice, identity resources, and identity work to inform program design and analysis. Our findings highlight specific ways that instruments, specialized clothing, specimens, artifacts, and physical settings of science intersect with science-related affect, science learning, and a sense of “feeling like a scientist.” The results imply that practitioners both in and out of the classroom should privilege agentic use of tools when working with all learners, but especially girls. Further, the types of material resources selected in learning settings are critically important, as different types of material resources afford different types of identity work. In particular, using materials that hold disciplinary authenticity, when coupled with learning about how scientists use those same instruments, helps girls “feel like scientists,” an important part of becoming a science apprentice.
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