DDM1-mediated R-loop resolution and H2A.Z exclusion facilitates heterochromatin formation in Arabidopsis.

DDM1-mediated R-loop resolution and H2A.Z exclusion facilitates heterochromatin formation in Arabidopsis.
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DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.adg2699
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发表时间:
2023-08-11
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Sun, Qianwen
Sun, Qianwen
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhou, Jincong;Lei, Xue;Shafiq, Sarfraz;Zhang, Weifeng;Li, Qin;Li, Kuan;Zhu, Jiafu;Dong, Zhicheng;He, Xin-jian;Sun, Qianwen

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Programmed constitutive heterochromatin silencing is essential for eukaryotic genome regulation, yet the initial step of this process is ambiguous. A large proportion of R-loops (RNA:DNA hybrids) had been unexpectedly identified within Arabidopsis pericentromeric heterochromatin with unknown functions. Through a genome-wide R-loop profiling screen, we find that DDM1 (decrease in DNA methylation 1) is the primary restrictor of pericentromeric R-loops via its RNA:DNA helicase activity. Low levels of pericentromeric R-loops resolved by DDM1 cotranscriptionally can facilitate constitutive heterochromatin silencing. Furthermore, we demonstrate that DDM1 physically excludes histone H2A variant H2A.Z and promotes H2A.W deposition for faithful heterochromatin initiation soon after R-loop clearance. The dual functions of DDM1 in R-loop resolution and H2A.Z eviction are essential for sperm nuclei structure maintenance in mature pollen. Our work unravels the cotranscriptional R-loop resolution coupled with accurate H2A variants deposition is the primary step of constitutive heterochromatin silencing in Arabidopsis, which might be conserved across eukaryotes. A chromatin remodeling protein removes R-loops and rejects H2A.Z to prime heterochromatin silencing.
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