Prostaglandin signalling regulates ciliogenesis by modulating intraflagellar transport.

Prostaglandin signalling regulates ciliogenesis by modulating intraflagellar transport.
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DOI:
10.1038/ncb3029
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发表时间:
2014-09
影响因子:
21.3
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学1区
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纤毛是以微管为基础的细胞器,在多种组织中介导信号转导。尽管它们很重要,但调节纤毛形成的信号级联仍然不完全清楚。在这里,我们报告前列腺素信号通过调节鞭毛内转运(IFT)影响纤毛发生。斑马鱼leakytail(lkt)突变体具有纤毛发生缺陷,lkt基因编码ATP结合盒转运蛋白(ABCC 4)。我们发现,Lkt/ABCC 4定位于细胞膜和出口前列腺素E2(PGE 2),这是废除的Lkt/ABCC 4 T804 M突变体的功能。PGE 2合成酶环氧合酶-1及其受体EP 4定位于纤毛并激活cAMP介导的信号级联,是纤毛形成和伸长所需的。重要的是,PGE 2信号传导增加了IFT的顺行而非逆行速度,并促进哺乳动物细胞中的纤毛发生。这些发现使我们提出Lkt/ABCC 4介导的PGE 2信号通过睫状G蛋白偶联受体EP 4起作用,以上调cAMP合成并增加顺行IFT,从而促进纤毛发生。
Cilia are microtubule-based organelles that mediate signal transduction in a variety of tissues. Despite their importance, the signaling cascades that regulate cilia formation remain incompletely understood. Here we report that prostaglandin signaling affects ciliogenesis by regulating anterograde intraflagellar transport (IFT). Zebrafish leakytail (lkt) mutants display ciliogenesis defects, and lkt locus encodes an ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABCC4). We show that Lkt/ABCC4 localizes to the cell membrane and exports prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a function that is abrogated by the Lkt/ABCC4T804M mutant. PGE2 synthesis enzyme Cyclooxygenase-1 and its receptor, EP4, which localizes to the cilium and activates cAMP-mediated signaling cascade, are required for cilia formation and elongation. Importantly, PGE2 signaling increases anterograde but not retrograde velocity of IFT and promotes ciliogenesis in mammalian cells. These findings lead us to propose that Lkt/ABCC4-mediated PGE2 signaling acts through a ciliary G-protein-coupled receptor, EP4, to upregulate cAMP synthesis and increase anterograde IFT, thereby promoting ciliogenesis.
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